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R301A Design.
<br />Buildings and structures, and all parts thereof, sha(l be constructed to safety support OIL Loads, including dead
<br />Loa s, Live toads, ro?f toadq, flood Loqds �ncl wind Lip n ruc�tlon
<br />c�ds as prqs�rlbed by Ihis code, The cons jf buiLd1gs
<br />r
<br />ancv structures sho, I result in a system hat provI es a compke e load ?a h cQpaIoLe of tra Mrring Cools rom
<br />their point of origin through the Load -resisting elements to The Founcla ion.
<br />Exception : Buildings and structures Located within the High-Vetocity Hurricane Zone shaLL comply only with
<br />Sections R302 to R324, inclusive and inclusive the provisions oP Chapter 44
<br />R301.1.1 Alternative provisions.
<br />As an atternative to the requirements in Section R301.1 the following standards are permitted subject to the
<br />[imitations of this code and the imitations there in,
<br />Where engineered design is used in conjunction with these standards the design shall comply with the Florida
<br />BuiLding Code, Building ,
<br />I. American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM).
<br />2. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), Standard for Cold -Formed Steel Framing Prescriptive Method for
<br />One- and Two -Family Dwellings (COFS/PM).
<br />R30112 Construction systems.
<br />The requirements of this code are loosed on platform and baIloon-frame construction for Liqht-frame loulldin s. The
<br />requiremaents for concrete and masonry buildings are based on a balloon framing system. Other framing sysyems
<br />must have equivalent detailing to ensure force transfer, continuity anol compatible deformations,
<br />R30113 Engineered clesign.
<br />When a building of otherwise conventional construction contains structural elements exceeding the Limits of Section
<br />R301 or otherwise, not conforminq to this code, these elements shall be designed in accordance with accepted
<br />engineering practice. The extent' of such design need only demonstrate compliance of ronconventional elements with
<br />other applicable provisions and shall loe compatible with the performance of the conventional Framed system.
<br />Engineered design in accordance with the Fi Building Code, Building is permitted For all buildings and structures,
<br />and parts thereof, included in the scope of this code.
<br />R301.215 Basic wind speed,
<br />The loasic wind speed in miles per hour, for the development of windloads, shaLL be determined from Figure R301.2(4). Basic
<br />wind speed for the special wind regions inclicQted, near mountainous terrain and near QorQes shalt be in ciccordance with
<br />tocQL jurisdiction requirements. The exact Location of wind speed tines shatt be estabLis-hed by Local ordinance using
<br />recog?'tized physical Landmarks such (is major roads, canals, rivers and Lake shores wherever, possible.
<br />R301.2.1 Wind timitations.
<br />Buildirpis and portions thereof shall Ice limited by wind speed, as defined in Table R301.20% and construction methods in
<br />accordance with this code, Basic wind speeds shalt be determined from Figure R301.2(4>. Where different construction methods
<br />and structural materials are used Par various portions of a building, the applicable requirements of this section For each
<br />ortion shall app�y. Where tocids f:or windows, skylights and exterior cloors are not otherwise specified, the locids Listed in
<br />abl,E� R301,2(2) adjusted for heipht and exposure per Table R3012(3% shall be used to determine design load performance
<br />requirements for windows and di ors.
<br />R301.211 Design criteria.
<br />Construction in regions where the basic wind speeds from Figure R301.2(4) equal or exceed 100 miles per hour (177.1 km/h>
<br />shall, be designed in accordance with one of the Following:
<br />1. American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) Wood Frame Construction Manual for, One- and Two -Family Dwellings <WFCM)j
<br />2. Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE-7>1
<br />3. American Iron and Steel Institute <AISI), Standard for Co[cl-Formecl Steel Framing?Prescriptive Method for One- and
<br />Two-famity Dwellings (COFS/PM>.
<br />4. Concrete construction shall be designed in accordance with the provisions OF this code.
<br />5. SBCCI SSTD 10 shatit be permitted for buildings for Q basic wind speed of 130 mph (58 m/s) or Less In Exposure B and
<br />110 mph (49 m/s) or Less' in Exposure C in accordance with Figure R301,2(4).
<br />6. The FC�PA Guide t%qoncretf Ma5onr� Resiclentiat Co7sJ5dcti%n (ig High Wind Areas �?Jhat( be pymit
<br />a n�,?101,r ,?16ica�
<br />concrete masonry uItclings or a loa ic wind speed o M p 8 mYs) or Less in Lxposure mp M 5 or
<br />Less in Exposure C in accorclance with Figure R301.2<4); or
<br />7, The WPPC Guide to Wood Construction in High Wind Areas shalL Ice permitted For applicable wood -frame buildings for a basic
<br />wind speed of 130 mph (58 m/s) or Less in Exposure B and 110 mph (49 m/s) or Less in Exposure C in accordance with
<br />Figure R301.2(4),
<br />R301.2,111 Design,
<br />The Following plesign quicle shall be accepted as conforming to accepted engineering practices: AAF Guide to Aluminum
<br />Construction in High-Vind Areas.
<br />R301.212 Internal pressure.
<br />Windows in buildings Located in wincl-born? debris ruions shall have glazed openinV
<br />protectel from wirid-IoV is or
<br />delor
<br />the building shalt. be designed as a pairtiatLy enclos d build' cl nce with he Ftoricla uitclin Code, ng. Glazed
<br />,-�ui'rege'gts of the LQrge Missile Test op
<br />openinp Notection For wind-borne debris shot[ meet the re
<br />ASTM 996 and of ASTM E 1886, SSTD 12, or TAS 20L, 202 and 203 referenced therein.
<br />(1) Opening in sunrooms, balconies or enclosed porches constructed under existing roofs or clecks are not required to Ice
<br />protected provided the spaces are separated from the building interior by a wait and a(L openings in the separating watt
<br />are protected in accordance with this section. Such space shaR be permitted to be designed as either partially enclosed
<br />or enclosed structures.
<br />�2) Storage sheds that are not designed for human habitation and that have a floor area of 720 square feet (67 m2) or
<br />Less are not required to comply with the mandatory wind-borne cleloris impact standard of this code.
<br />Exceptlon� Wood structural panels with Q minimum thickness of 7/16inch (11.1 mm) and a maximum spar) of 8 feet (2438 mm)
<br />shall be permitted forno ningwiprotection in one- and two-story buildings. Panels shQ(L Ice precut to cover the glazed
<br />tpe
<br />openings with attachme ho r ore provided, Attachments shall foe provided in accordance with Table R301.2.1.2 or shalt be
<br />des ned to resist the components and cladding Loads determined in accorclance with the provisions of the Florida
<br />BuiLTIng Code, Building.
<br />R301.2.1.3 Wind speed conversion.
<br />When referenced documents are based or) Fastest mite wind speeds, the three second gust wind velocities of Figure R301.2(4>
<br />shalt be converted to Fastest mile wind velocities using Table R301,213,
<br />R301.214 Exposure category.
<br />For each wind direction considered an exposure cateqory that adequately reflects the characteristics of ground surface
<br />irrep)u.tQrIties shall be determined �or the site at which the building or structure is to be constructed. For a site Located
<br />in t transition zone between categories, the category resulting in the largest wind forces shalt apply. Account shall be
<br />taken of vyi tions in ground surface roughness that arise from naturQ( topoRro
<br />,phy and vepetation as well as from
<br />constructe 'Peatures I`or any given wind clirection, the exposure in which a sp cific building r other structure is sited
<br />shall be assessed as being one of the following categories:
<br />L Exposure A, Large city centers with at (east 50 percent of the buildings having a height in excess of 70 feet
<br />(21 336 mm>. Use of this exposure category shQ(t be Limited to those areas for which terrain representative of Exposure
<br />A �revaiis in the upwind direction For a distance of at Least 0.5 mile (0.8 km) or 10 times the height of the building or
<br />ot er structure, whichever is weater. Possible channetinq effects or increctsed velocity pressures clue to the building
<br />or structure being Located in he wake of adjacent buitcTinqs shalt Ice taken into account.
<br />2. Exposure B. Urban and suburban areas, wooded areas, or other terrain with numerous closely spaced obstructions having
<br />the size of sintge-famity dwellings or Larger. Exposure B shalt be assumed unless the site meets the definition of another
<br />type exposure.
<br />3. Exposure C. Mearis, except in the High-Vetocit H
<br />urricane Zone, that area which ties within 1,500 Feet <457 mm> of the
<br />coastal construction control Line, or within feet (457 mm) of the mean high ticle Line, whichever is Less. On barrier
<br />islands, Exposure C shalt be appLicalote in the coastal building zone set 42'orth in Section 161.55(0, Florida Statutes.
<br />4. Exposure D. Fiat, unobstructed areas exposed to wind flowing over open water (excludirl shorelines in hurricane
<br />Frone reYors) For a distance OF at least 1 mite (1.61 km). Shoretines in Exposure D inci2e intancl waterways, the Great
<br />akes an coastal areas of California, Oregon, Washington and Alaska. This exposure shall apply only to those buiLdin s
<br />and other structures exposed to the wind coming from over the water. Exposure D extends Intand from the shoreLinp a
<br />distance of 1,500 Feet (457 m) or 10 times the height of the building or structure, whichever is greater,
<br />R301.2.2 Seismic provisions. Reserved.
<br />Figure R301.2(2) Reserved.
<br />R301.2.3 Snow loads. Reserved.
<br />Figure R301.2(5) Reserved.
<br />R301.2.4 FtoodpLain construction.
<br />This code specifically defers to the authority granted to Local, government by Title 44 CFR, Sections 59 and 60. This code
<br />is not intended to supplant or supercecle Local ordinances adopted pursuctrt to that authority, nor are IocQ( Ptoociptain
<br />management ordinances to be deemed amendments to the code.
<br />R301.2,5 Structures seaward of o, coastal construction Line.
<br />Structures Located seaward of the coastal construction Line shaLL be designed to resist the preclicted forces of a
<br />100-year storm event in accorclances with Section 3109 of the Florida Building Code, Building,
<br />SECTION R303
<br />LIGHT, VENTILATION AND HEATING
<br />R303.1 Hcibitable rooms.
<br />ALI habitable rooms shati. be provided with a re a t Lazing area OF not Less then 8 percent of the Floor area of such
<br />to or5,loiAvers or o1her approve
<br />rooms. Natural ventilation sh�il, r:a�hrou2lh gwolnologwse e.,
<br />sha L ogerings tq the outdoor air. Such
<br />openin s shalt be provided wl In y ac ess or otherwise loe readily contralto I e y the building occupants. The minimum
<br />open.P e area to the outdoors shal( be 4 percent of the Floor area being ventilated.
<br />Exceptions:
<br />1. The 9.1azed areas need not be operable where the ogen.ing is not required by Section R310 and an approved mechanical
<br />ventilation system is provided capable of produc air chanye per hour in the room or a whole -house mechanical
<br />ventilation system is Installed capable of supptyind' outdoor ventil ation air of 15 cubic feet per minute (cfm) (7.08 L/s)
<br />per occupant computed or) the basis of two occupants for the first bedroom and one occupant for each additional bedroom.
<br />2. The glazed areas need not Ice provided in rooms where Exception I above is satisfied and artificiaL Light is provided
<br />capAbLe OF -proclucin an average illumination of 6 Footcandles (6.46 lux) over the area of the room at a height of
<br />30 inches (762 mm) a%ove the tLoor Level.
<br />R303.2 Adjoining rooms.
<br />For the purpose Of cleterminincl tiqht and ventilation requirements, any room shall be considered as a portion of ar ad . . i
<br />room when at least one-hatF dT t'he area of the common wall. is open and unobstructed ancl provides an opening OF no ess
<br />than one -tenth of the Floor area of the interior room lout not Less than 25 square feet (2.32 M2).
<br />Exception; Openings required for Iiqht and/or ventilation shall be permitted to open into a thermally isolated sunroom
<br />addition or patio cover, provided that theretis an operable arep. between the ad�ioining room and the sunroom addition or
<br />yatio cover of not less than one -tenth 0 f he floor area of the interior room ut not less than 20 square feet (1.86 m2).
<br />he minimum operable area to the outdoors shalL Ice based upon the total floor area being ventilated.
<br />R303.3 Bathrooms.
<br />Bathrooms, water closet compartments and other similar rooms shall loe provided with aggregate glazing area in windows of
<br />not less than 3 square feet <0.279 m2>, or)e-hQIf of which must Ice openable.
<br />Exception: The zed areas shell not be required where QrtificiQ( light and a mechanical ventilation system are provided,
<br />The minimum venYl!I.Qation rates shalt Ice 50 cPm (216 L/s) For intermittent ventilation or 20 cPm <9.4 L/s) For continuous
<br />ventilation. Ventilation air from the space shalt be exhausted directly to the outside.
<br />R303.4 Opening location.
<br />Outdoor intake and exhaust openings shQR be located in accordance with Sections R303,4.1 and R303,4.2,
<br />R303.4.1 Intake openings.
<br />Mechanical and gravity outdoor air intake openings shatt be Located a minimum of 10 feet <3048 mm> fro�i any In zardaus
<br />or noxious contaminant such as vents, chimneys, ptumbiny vents, streets, QLLeys, pQrk!nQ tots and loading clocks, except as
<br />otherwise specified in �Ihls code, Where a source of con aminant is Located within 10 feet (3048 mm) of an intake opening,
<br />such opening shall. be Located a minimum of 2 feet (610 mm> below the contaminant source.
<br />For the purpose of this section, the exhaust Prom dwelling unit toilet rooms, botthrooms and kitchens shall not be
<br />considered as hazardous or noxious,
<br />R303.4,2 Exhaust openings,
<br />Outside exhaust openings shail be located so as not to create a nuisance. Exhaust air shalt not be directed onto watkwcys.
<br />R303.5 Outside opening protection,
<br />Air exhaust and intake openin gs that terminate outdoors snail be protected with corrosion -resistant screens, (ouvers
<br />or grittes having a minimum opening size OF W inch (6.4 mm> and a Maximum opening size of Z inch (12,7 mm>, in any dimension.
<br />Openings shall. be protected against Local weather conditions. Outdoor air exhaust and intake openings shail meet the
<br />provisions for exterior wall opening protectives in accordance with this code.
<br />R303.6 Stairway illumination.
<br />ALL interior and exterior stairways shalt be provided with a means to illuminate the stairs, including the Landings and treads,
<br />Interior stairways shaLL loe provided with an artiFiciat. Light source Located in the immediate vicini - Of each Lancing of the
<br />stairway, For interi r stairs the artificial Li ht sources shall, be mc,�Le of illuminating treads tycl Lan d inQs to Levels not
<br />than 1 footcanclie ell Lux) measured at the qenter of treads and an ings. Exterior stairways ��ihl. L be provided with an
<br />artificial light source Located in the immediate vicinity of the top LQndinq of the stairway. Exterior stairways providing
<br />access to a basement from the outside grade Level shalt be provided wi h an artificial light source Located in the immediate
<br />vicinity OF the bottom Landing of the stairway,
<br />Exception An artificial Light source is not required at the top and bottom (ancling, provided an artificial tight source is
<br />Located directly over each stairway section.
<br />R303.6.1 Light activation.
<br />The control for activation of the required interior stairway lighting shatl be accessible at the top and bottom of each
<br />stairway without traversing any steps. The illumination of exterior stairways shot[ Ice controlled From inside the dwelling unit.
<br />Exceptioni Lights that are continuously illuminated or automatically controlled.
<br />R303.7 Required glazed openings.
<br />Required qtazecl openings shall. open directly onto a street or pubtic alley, or a yard or court Located on the same Lot
<br />as the building.
<br />R303.7.1 Roofed porches.
<br />Required glazed openings mx_y face into a roofecl porch where the porch abuts a street, yard or court and the Lonqer side
<br />of the porch is at Least 6b percent open and unobstructed and the ceiling height is not less than 7 feet (2134 mm�.
<br />R303.8 Required heating.
<br />When the winter design temperature in Table R301,2<1) is below 60*F (16*C), every dwelling unit shot( be provided with heating
<br />facilities capable of maintaining a minimum room temperature of 68*F (20*C) at a point 3 feet (914 mm> above the Floor and
<br />2 feet (610 mm> from exterior walis in att hoiloltialote rooms at the design temperature, The instaRation of one or more
<br />�ortalote space heaters shaLL not be used to achieve compliance with 'this section.
<br />ECTION R304
<br />MINIMUM ROOM AREAS
<br />R304.1 Minimum area.
<br />Every dwelling unit shalt have at least one habitable room that shall. have not Less than 120 square Feet (11.2 m2)
<br />OF gross floor area.
<br />R304.2 Other rooms.
<br />Other habitable rooms shot( have a floor area of not Less than 70 square feet (6.5 M2).
<br />Exception: Kitchens.
<br />R304.3 Minimum dimensions.
<br />Habitable rooms shall. not be Less than 7 feet (2134 mm> in any horizontal dimension.
<br />Exceptioni Kitchens.
<br />R304.4 Height effect on room area,
<br />Portions of a room with a sloping ceiling measuring Less than 5 feet (1524 mm) or a furred ceiling measuring Less than
<br />7 feet (2134 mm> from the finished floor to the finished ceiting shatt. not be considered as contributing to the minimum
<br />required habitable area for that room.
<br />SECTION R305
<br />CEILING HEIGHT
<br />R305.1 Minimum height.
<br />Habitable rooms, hallways, corridors, bathrooms toiLet rooms, Laundry rooms and basements shell have a ceiling height of not
<br />Less than 7 feet (2134 mm). The required heigh� shatt. be measured from the finish floor to the lowest projection
<br />from the Ceiling,
<br />Exceptions:
<br />1. Beams and clirclie,rs sr)aced not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center may project not more than 6 inches (152 mm) below
<br />the require-61 ceiling 'height '
<br />2. Ceilings in basements wrthout habitable spaces may project to within 6 Feet, 8 inches (2032 mm) of the finished floorl
<br />and beams, girders, ducts or other obstruction s may project to within 6 feet, 4 inches (1931 mm> of the finished floor.
<br />3. Not more than 50 percent of the required floor area of a room or space is permitted to have a sloped ceiling Less than
<br />7 feet (2134 mm) in height with no portion of the required floor area less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in height.
<br />4. Bathrooms shcLL( have a minimum ceiling he' Int of 6 feet 8 inches (2036 mm) over the fixture and at the front clearance
<br />area for fixtures as shown 1 0.2. A shower or tub e,�ulppecl with a showerhead shot( have a minimum ceiling height
<br />of 6 Feet 8 inches (2036 mm) clocrve Q minimum area 30 Inches (76 mm) by 30 inches (762 mm) at the showerhead.
<br />SECTION R307
<br />TOILET, BATH AND SHOWER SPACES
<br />R307.1 Space required.
<br />Fixtures shall be spaced as per Figure R307.2.
<br />R307,2 Bathtub and shower spaces,
<br />Bathtub and shower floors and watts above loathtubs with instattecl shower heads and in shower compartments shell Ice
<br />finished with a nonabsorbent surface, Such watt surfaces shatt extend to a height of not Less than 6 feet (1829 mm)
<br />above the floor.
<br />R308.4 Hazardous locations.
<br />The following shal.1, be considered specific hazardous Locations for the purposes of gi
<br />1. Glazing in swinging doors except jalousies.
<br />2, Glazing in fixed and sliding panels of sliding door assemblies and panets in sl[iding and loifoLcl closet
<br />door assembLies,
<br />3. Glazing in storm doors,
<br />4, Glazing in al.l. unframed swinging doors.
<br />5. Glazing in doors and enclosures for hot tubs, whiri saunas, steam rooms, loathtulos and
<br />showers. Glazing in any part of a building watt encLosin?,these compartments where the bottom
<br />exposed edge of the glazing is Less than 60 inches ( 1 4 mm) measured vertically above any
<br />standing or walking surface.
<br />6. Gilazing, In an individual fixed or operable panel adjacent to a door where the nearest vertical edge
<br />is within a 24-inch (610 mm) arc of the door in a closed tion and whose loottom edge is Less
<br />than 60 inches (1524 mm) above the Floor or walking sur�acsei,
<br />7. Glazing in an individual fixed or operalote panel, other than those Locations described in Items 5
<br />and 6 above, that meets all of the following conditions:
<br />7.1. Exposed area of an inolivioluQ1, pare greater than 9 square Feet me36 M 2
<br />7.2. Bottom edge Less than 18 inches (457 mm) above the floor.
<br />7.3. Top edge greater than 36 inches (914 mm) above the Floor,
<br />7.4, One or more walking surfaces within 36 inches (914 mm) horizontally of the glazing,
<br />S. ALL glazing ir raitings regardless of an area or hei ht above a walking surface. Included are
<br />structural baluster panels and nonstructural, in-RiL panels,
<br />91 Glazing in watts and fences enclosing indoor and outdoor swimming pools, hot tubs and spas where
<br />the bottom edqe of the glazing is Less than 60 inches <1524 mm) above a walking surface and within
<br />60 inches (1524- mm) horizontally of the water?s edge. This shalt apply to single glazing and all
<br />panes in multiple glazing.
<br />10. Glazing adjacent to stairways, landings and ramps within 36 inches (914 mm) horizontally of a walking
<br />surface when the exposed surface of the glass is less than 60 inches (1524 mm) above the plane
<br />of the adjacent walking surface.
<br />11. Glazing adjacent to stairways within 60 inches (1524 mm) horizontally of the bottom tread of a
<br />stairwo. in any direction when the exposed surface of the grass is Less than 60 inches (1524 Mm)
<br />alcove �he nose of the tread
<br />Exception; The following products, ma�erials and uses are exempt from the above hazardous locations;
<br />1, Openings in doors through which a 3-inch (76 mm) sphere is unable to pass.
<br />2. Decorative glass in Items 1, 6 a r 7.
<br />3. 01.azi�q in Section R308.4 , Item 6, when there is on intervening wall or other permanent barrier
<br />barrier between the door and the glazing,
<br />4, Glazing in Section R308.4 , Item 6, in walls perpendicular to the plane of the door in a closed
<br />fI tion or where access through the door is to a closet or storage area 3 feet (914 mm) or
<br />eo,s, i n depth, Glazing in these applications shall, comply with Section R308,4 , Item -
<br />5� Glazing in Section R308.4 , Items 7 and 10, when a protective bar is installed on t4e accessible
<br />side(s) of the glazing 36 inches ± 2 inches (914 ± mm 51 mm) above the floor, The bar shalt be
<br />capaloile of withstanding a horizontal. toad of 50 pounds per Linear foot (74.5 1 without
<br />contacting the glass and be a minimum of 13� inches (38 mm) in height.
<br />6. Outboard panes in insulating glass units and other multiple glazed panels in Section R308.4 , Item 7,
<br />when the bottom edge a the glass is 25 Feet (7620 mm) or more aloove gracle, a roof,
<br />walking surface, or other horizontal [within 45 degrees (0.79 rad) of horizontal] surface adjacent
<br />to the glass exterior.
<br />7. Louvered windows and jaLousles complying with the requirements of Section R308,2
<br />8. Mirrors and other glass panels mounted or hung on a surface that provides Q continuous
<br />backing support,
<br />9. Safety glazing in Section R308.4 , Items 10 and 11 is not required wherei
<br />9.1. The side of a stairway, lording or ramp has a guardrail or handrail, including balusters or in-fitt
<br />ane(s, complying with the provisions of Sections 1012 and 1607,7 of the Florida Building Code,
<br />uIldingj and
<br />92, The plane of the glass is greater than 18 inches (457 mm) From the railing.
<br />R308.5 Site built windows.
<br />Site built windows shall comply with Section 2404 of the Florida Building Code, Building.
<br />R308.6 Skylights and sloped glazing.
<br />Skylights and slopeol glazing shall comply with the following sections.
<br />R308.6.1 Definitions.
<br />SKYLIGHTS AND SLOPED GLAZING, Glass or other transparent or translucent glazing material installed at a
<br />slope, of more than 15 degrees (0.26 racl) from vertical. GLazin9 materiaLs in skylights, including unit skylights,
<br />soLariums, sunrooms, roofs and sloped walls are included in this definition,
<br />UNIT SKYLIGHT. A factory assembled, glazed fenestration unit, containing one panel of glazing material, that
<br />allows For natural dayLightinp through an opening in the roof assembly white preserving the
<br />weather -resistant loarrier o the rooF.
<br />R308.6.2 Permitted materials.
<br />The following types of glazing may loe used:
<br />1. Laminated lass with a minimum 0,015-inch (0.38 mm) polyvinyl butyral, interLayer for glass panes
<br />16 square Teet (1.5 r) 2 ) or Less in area Located such that the highest point of the glass is
<br />not more than 12 feet (3658 mm) above a walking surface or other accessible areaj for higher
<br />or Larger sizes, the minimum inter(ayer thickness shall, be 0,030 inch (0,76 mm),
<br />2. Fully tempered glass.
<br />3. Heat -strengthened glass.
<br />4. Wired qLass,
<br />5. Approved rigiol plastics,
<br />R 3 0 8.6.3 Screens, general.
<br />For fui tempered or heat -strengthened gLass, a retaining screen meeting the requirements of Section
<br />R308,6,7 shalt. be inst%LQd below the glass, except for fully tempered gtass that meets either condition
<br />Listed in Section R 08.6.5 ,
<br />R308.6.4 Screens with multiple glazing.
<br />When the inboard pane is fully tempered, heat-strenqthened, or wired glass, a retaining screen meeting the
<br />requirements of Section R31 shall, be installed loel-ow the glass, except for either condition Listed in
<br />Section R308.6.5 . All other panes in the multiple glazing may be of any type listed in Section R308.6.2
<br />R308.6.5 Screens not required.
<br />Screens shalt not be required when fully tempered glass is used as single glazing or the inboard pane in
<br />multiple glazing and either of the Pottowing conditions are met!
<br />1, 1 area 16 square feet (1,49 m 2 ) or less. Highest point of glass not more than 12 feet
<br />(3658 mm) above a walking surface or other accessible area, nominal glass thickness not more than
<br />3 / 16 inch (4.76 mm), and (for multiple glazing only) the other pare or panes fully tempered,
<br />Laminated or wired glass,
<br />2. Glass area cireater than 16 square Peet (1.49 m 2 ), Glass sloped 30 degrees (0.52 rad) or Less
<br />from vertical, and highest point of glass not more thar 10 feet (3048 mm) above a walking surface
<br />or other accessible area.
<br />R308.6.6 Gtass in greenhouses.
<br />Any 91 materiaL is permitted to be installed without screen in the sloped areas of greenhouses,
<br />provided the greenhouse height at the ridge does not exceed 1�u Feet (6096 mm) above grade.
<br />R308.6.7 Screen characteristics.
<br />The screen and its Pastenlrqs shalt be copalote of su�portlng twice the we'q Int of the glazing, loe Firmly and
<br />substantially. Fastened to -me framing members , and ave a mesh openin g no more tTian I inch by linch
<br />(25.4 mm by 25.4 mm).
<br />R308.6.8 Curbs for skylights.
<br />ALL unit skylights installed in a roof with a pitch flatter than three units vertical, in 12 units horizontal
<br />(25-percent slope) shoJL be mounted on a curb extend 1 ng, at [east 4 inches (102 mm) above the p(ane of
<br />the roof unless otherwise specified in the manufacture r s installation instructions.
<br />R308.6.9 Testing and Labeling.
<br />Exterior skylights shall be tested by an approved independent testing laboratory, and shall be Labeled with
<br />an approved label lolentifyinq manufacturer, performance characteristics, and approved evaluation entity
<br />to indic(q� com Liance with �he requirements of AAMA/WDMA 1600/IS7, Voluntary Specifications for Skylights
<br />or TAS (HVFH-Z shall comply with TAS 202).
<br />SECTION R309
<br />GARAGES AND CARPORTS
<br />R309.1 Opening protection.
<br />Openings From a private garage directly into a room used For steeping purposes shalt not be permitted.
<br />Other ogrings between the garage and residence shalt be equipped with solid wood doors not Less than
<br />13/8 inc es (35 mm) in thickness, solid or honeycomb core steel doors not less than 13/8 inches (35 MM)
<br />thick, or 20-minute fire -rated doors.
<br />R309.1.1 Duct penetration.
<br />Ducts in the garage and ducts penetrating the walls or ceilings separating the olweL(irg from the garage
<br />shatt be constructed of a minimum No. 26 gage (0,48 mm) sheet steel or other (approved material and shalt
<br />shatt have no openings into the garage.
<br />R309.2 Separation required.
<br />The garage shatt loe separated from the residence and its attic area loy not Less than X-inch (12.7 mm)
<br />gyEsum board applied to the garage side. Garages beneath habitable rooms shalt be separated from all.
<br />ha itable rooms above by. not Less than 5/8-Irch (15.9 mm) Type X gypsum board or equivalent. Where the
<br />Separation is a floor-ceiting assembly, the structure supporting the separation shalt also be protected by
<br />not Less than X-Inch (12.7 mm) gypsum board or equivalent,
<br />R309.3 Floor surface,
<br />Garage floor surfaces shall be of approved noncombustible materiat.
<br />The area of floor used for parking of automoloiLes or other vehicles sha(t be sloped to facilitate the
<br />movement of Liquids to a drain or toward the main vehicle entry doorway,
<br />R309.4 Carports.
<br />Carports shaU be open on at [east two sides. Carport floor surfaces shall, loe of approved noncombustible
<br />Material, Carports not open on at Least two sides si be considered a giarage and shalt comply with the
<br />provisions of this section For garages,
<br />Exception; Asphalt surfaces shoL(L be permitted at ground tevel, in carports.
<br />The area of floor used for parkirpoof automobiles or other vehicles shall be sloped to facilitate the
<br />movement of liquids to a drain or word the main vehicle entry doorway,
<br />R309,5 Flood hazard areas,
<br />Reserved.
<br />R309.6 Automatic gariage door openers.
<br />Automatic garage door openers, if provided, shall Ice Listed in accorclance with UL 325�
<br />SECTION R31b-
<br />EMERGENCY ESCAPE AND RESCUE OPENINGS
<br />R310.1 Emergency escape and rescue required.
<br />Basements with habitable space and every steeping room shall have at Least one Operable emergency escape and rescue
<br />openinq. Where basements contain one or More sleeping rooms, emergency egress and rescue openings shall. Ice required in
<br />each s eeping roo�i, but shall not be required in adjoining areas of the basement. Where emergency escape and rescue
<br />openings are provided they shall hove a siR height of not more than 44 inches (1118 mr)) above the Floor. Where a door
<br />openinge,havinge'alethresh?ld below the acl,�gntaground elevation serves as an emerpe ejWpe and rescue openinq and is
<br />provicl with ulkheac enclosure, the h e enclosure shall, COMPLY with Sectio W3 . e net clear opening oil ensions
<br />required by this section shot( be obtained by the normal operation of the emergenc escape and rescue opening from the
<br />inside, Eme r ncy escape and rescue opening with a finished s!LL height below the aWjacent ground elevation shalt be
<br />provided wlix a window well in accordance wi In Section R310.2. The emergency escape and rescue opening shot[ be permitted
<br />to open into a screen enclosure, open to the atmosphere, where a screen door is provided Leading away From the residence,
<br />R31011 Minimum opening area.
<br />ALL emergency escape and rescue openings shall have a minimum net clear opening of 5.7 square feet (0.530 m2).
<br />Exceptioni GrQcle Floor openings shall have a minimum net cIeQr opening of 5 square Feet (0.465 m2).
<br />R31012 Minimum opening height.
<br />The minimum net clear opening height shall. be 24 inches (610 mm)�
<br />R310.1.3 Minimum opening width.
<br />The minimum net c Le air opening width shalt be 20 inches (508 mm).
<br />R31014 Operational constraints.
<br />Emergency escape and rescue openings shQ(( be operational From the inside of the room without the use of keys or tools,
<br />R310.2 Window wells.
<br />The minimum horizontal area of the window well shcAL be () square feet (0.84 m2), with a minimum horizon.toLL Porodeection and width
<br />of 36 inches (914 mm), The area OF the window welt shall allow the emergency escape and rescue openin Fully opened,
<br />Exception: The ladder or steps required by Section R310.2.1 shall ice permitted to encroach a maximum oP 6 inches (152 mm)
<br />into the required dimensions of the window well,
<br />R310.2.1 Ladder and steps.
<br />Window wells with a vertical depth greater than 44 inches (1118 mm) shall be eqpippecl with a permanently affixed Ladder or
<br />Ste PS usable with the window in the fully open position, Ladders or steps required loy this section shaR no Ice required to
<br />COMPLY with Sections R311.5 and R311.6. Ladders or rungs shall have an inside width of at Least 12 inches (21A mm), shatt.
<br />at least 3 inches <76 mm) from the wait and shall. be spaced not more than 18 inches (457 mm) or) center verticatty for
<br />the full height of the window well.
<br />R310.3 Bulkhead enclosures.
<br />Bulkhead enclosures shall provide direct access to the basement, The bulkhead enclosure with the door panels in the fully
<br />. . ti h U icle the minimum net clear opening required by Section R310.1.1. Bulkhead enclosures shell. Qtso comply
<br />open ?"" "REN.07v
<br />with ection
<br />R310.4 Bars, grills, covers cind screens.
<br />Bars, grills, covers, screens or similar devices are permitted to be placed over emergency escape and rescue openings,
<br />bulkhead enclosures or window wells that serve such openings, provided the minimum net clear o ening size complies with
<br />Sections R31011 to 1�31013, and such devices snail. Ice reLeasabLe or removQloLe from the inside wThout the use of a key,
<br />toot or force greater than that which is required For normal operation of the escape and rescue opening The temporary
<br />installation or closure of storm shutters, panels, and other approved hurricane protection devices shall e permitted on
<br />emergency escape and rescue openi clurinq the threat of a storm. Such devices shall not be required to comply with the
<br />t,o
<br />operational, constraints of Sec n 01014, WThile such protection is provided, at Least one Means of escape from the dwelling
<br />okJweLLr%euq0tcQshoJL b% provided, The means F escape shall lo
<br />v tthin the first fL. Qr of the cirtling or 1weLtinp unit and
<br />5 no te Pin a 9?rV. Dc�upa�%l s an4 Rart ? t . e cl�ettjng or dwe T(ing unit shal be c o ac ess the
<br />a oc
<br />u pass g -k
<br />Means a escape Vhowl roug - able a r no under F)eir control,
<br />SECTION R313
<br />SMOKE ALARMS
<br />R313.1 Smoke alarms.
<br />Smoke alarms shot( Ice installed in the Following Locationsi
<br />1. In each sleeping room.
<br />2. Outside each separate sLeepi rl� area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms,
<br />3. On each additional story of t e dwettinq, inctudinq basements lout not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics,
<br />In clweLtings or dwelling units with split Tevets are T without an interver in d or between the adjacent teve a smoke alarm
<br />installed on the upper Level shall suffice for the adjacent Lower level,9proovicled that the Lower Level is L%s than one
<br />Full story below the upper Level.
<br />When more Than one smoke alarm is required to be ins
<br />O�atlecl within an Individual clweLtin 9t unit the alarm devices shatit be
<br />interconnected in such a manner that the actuation one alarm witi. activQtE? cAl. of he atarms in the individual unit. The
<br />alarm shalt Ice clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise Levels with ati. intervening doors closed.
<br />At[ smoke alarms shall Ice (!steel and installed in accordance with the provisions of this code and the household Fire warning
<br />equipment provisions of NFPA 72.
<br />R31311 Alterations, repairs and additions.
<br />When interior alterations, re ' rs or additions requiring a permi t occur, or when one or more steeping rooms are added or
<br />created in existing dwellings Ptahle individual dwelling unit shall, provided with smoke alarms located as required for new
<br />clweLtingsj the smoRe alarms �hat( be interconnected and hQrclloweired.
<br />Exceptlons�
<br />1. Smoke alarms in existing areas shaLL not lee required to be interconnected and hard wired where the alterations or
<br />reu
<br />wrs do not result in the re
<br />glovalh,of interior wall, or ceiling fini!Wes ex
<br />w,gosi structur unIe_As t
<br />rg n&JI11et tefe is an altic,
<br />cr space, or basement availa. e w ch could provide acce arcl n erconnect'.n wi-Inou he remova
<br />of interior finishes.
<br />2. Repairs to the exterior surfaces OF dwellings are exempt From the requirements OF this section.
<br />R313.2 Power source.
<br />In new construction, the required smoke alarms shall receive their primary power from the loultding wiring when such wiring
<br />is served from a commercial source, and when primary power is interrupted, shall receive power from a battery. Wiring shall.
<br />foe permanent and without a disconnecting switch other than those required for overcurrent protection. Smoke alarms shcLIL
<br />be permitted to be bQtte r operated when installed in buildings without commercial power or in buildings that undergo
<br />atterations, repairs or adlitions regulated by Section R313.1.1.
<br />SECTION R319
<br />PROTECTION AGAINST DECAY
<br />R319.1 Location required.
<br />In areas subject to decay damage as established lo�.Tabte R301.20), the Po((owinq Locations shalt require the use of' an
<br />agroved species and grade of lumber, pressure tr ted in accordance with AWFA Cl, C2, C3, C4, C9, C15, C18, C22, C23, C24,
<br />C , C31, C33, Pl, P2 (and P3, or clecay-resistant heartwood of redwood, black Locust, or cedars.
<br />1, Wood joists or the bottom of' a wood structural I'Loor when closer than 18 inches (457 mm) or wood girders when closer
<br />than 12 inches (305 mm) to the exposed ground in crawl spaces or unexcavateol area Located within the periphery of the
<br />building foundation,
<br />2. Ali wood framing members that rest on concrete or masonry exterior Foundation walls and are Less than 8 inches
<br />(203 mm) from the exposed ground,
<br />3. Silts and sleepers on a concrete or masonry sLab that is in direct contact with the ground unless separated from such
<br />si by an impervious moisture barrier.
<br />4. The ends of wood girders entering exterior masonry or concrete watts having clearances of Less than 0,5 inch (12.7 mm)
<br />on -tops, sides and ends.
<br />5 Wood siding, sheathing and wait framing on the exterior of a building having a Clearance of Less than 6 inches (152 mm)
<br />From the ground.
<br />6, Wood structural members supporting moisture -permeable floors or roofs that,are exposed to the weather, such as
<br />concrete or masonry stabs, un ess separated from such floors or roofs by an impervious moisture barrier.
<br />7. Wood Furring strips or other wood Framing Members attached directLy to the interior of exterior masonry watts or
<br />conget? watts below gracle except where an approved vapor retarder is applied between the wall and the Furring strips
<br />or rciming members.
<br />R31911 Ground contact.
<br />ALI wood in contact with thegrecund an' that supports permanent structures intended for human occupancy shail. be
<br />approved pressure preserva treated wood suitable for ound contact use, except untreated wood may be used where
<br />entirety below groundwater level or continuously submerged Pr)rfresh water,
<br />R319.1.2 Geogrcphical. areas.
<br />Approved naturallyuclurable or pressure preservatively treated wood shall be used for those portions of wood members
<br />t at Form the str ctural. supports OF buildings, balconies, porches or similar permanent building appurtenances when such
<br />members are exposed to the weather without adequate protection from 0, roof, eave, overhan or other covering that
<br />would prevent moisture or water Qccumulation on the surface or at joints between members. Wepencling or) �occil experience,
<br />g
<br />.mb,
<br />such rs may include:
<br />1. Horizontal members such as girders, joists and decking.
<br />2, Verticat. members such as posts, poles and columns.
<br />3. Both horizontal. and vertical. members.
<br />R31913 Posts, poles and columns.
<br />Posts, poles nd cotumns supporting permanent structures that are embedded in concrete in direct contact with the
<br />Proun or embedded in concrete exposed to the weather shalt be approved pressure preservatively treated wood suitable
<br />ar ground contact use.
<br />R319.1.4 Wood columns.
<br />Wood columns shall be approved wood of natural decay resistance or approved pressure preservatively treated wood.
<br />Exceptions:
<br />1. Posts or columns which are either exposed to the weather or Located in basements or cettars, supported by piers or
<br />metal
<br />d a pedestals pro�ectlng I inch (25.4 mm) above the Floor or Finished grade and 6 inches (152 mm) above exposed earth,
<br />or) re separated here from by an approved impervious moisture barrier.
<br />2. Posts or, columns in enclosed crawl spaces or unexcavated areas located within the periphery OF the building, supported
<br />oncrete pier or metal pedestal at a height greater than 8 inches (203mm) from exposed ground, are separated
<br />bt4aecProm loy an impervious moisture barrier.
<br />R319.2 Quality mark.
<br />Lumber and plywood required to be pressure preser v ativel. treated in accordance with Section R319.1 shell. bear the quality
<br />mark of an approved inspection agency that mairitai s t C 0 n �.l n u I n gt hsou i ;!on, testin and inspection over the quality of the
<br />.pervis
<br />Kroduct and that has been approved loy an accredirtlo ion body complies with t�e requirements of the American Lumber
<br />anclQrcl Committee treated wood program,
<br />R319.2.1 Required information.
<br />The required quality mark on each piece of pressure preservativeLy treated Lumber or plywood shall contain the
<br />fotLowin information:
<br />'fication of the treating plant.
<br />2, Type of preservative.
<br />3. The minimum preservative retention.
<br />4. En cl u se for which the product was treated.
<br />5. Standard to which the product was treated.
<br />6. Identity of the appr?v,ed Insrection agency.
<br />7, The designation ?Dry,. I app icabLe.
<br />Exception: Quality marRs on Lumber less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) nominal thickness, or Lumber less than nominal I inch b 5 inches
<br />(25.4 mm loy 127 mm) or 2 inches by 4. inches (51 Min by 102 mm) or lumber 36 inches (914 mm) or Less in Length shall. ge applied
<br />by stamping the Faces of exterior pieces or by end labeting not Less than 25 percent of the pieces of a bundled unit,
<br />R319.3 Fasteners.
<br />Fasteners for pressure preservative and fire-retarclant-treated wood shall, lee of hot -dipped galvanized steel, stainless
<br />steel, silicon bronze or copper.
<br />R32018
<br />If a reqisterecl termiticide Formulated and registered as a wood treatment is used for subterranean termite prevention
<br />Sections' R32011 through R320.1,6 do not %ppty. Ap�lication of the wood treatment terniticicle she[[ Ice as required by lciloiA
<br />directions For use, and must be complete prior a Final building approval.
<br />R320.2 Penetration.
<br />Protective sleeves around Metallic piping penetrating concrete sLalo-on-gracle floors shalt. not be of cettutose-containing
<br />materiats and, if soil treatment is used for subterranean termite protection, shcttl receive application of a termiticicle In
<br />annular space between sleeve and pipe.
<br />R320.3 C(eanin
<br />Cells and caviRles in masonry units and air gaps loetween brick, stone or masorry veneers and the structure shall loe
<br />cectned of all nonpreservative treated or ronrictturatty cluralole wood, or other ce[tuLose-containing material prior to
<br />concrete placement.
<br />ExceRtion; Inorganic material manufactured for closing cells in foundation concrete masonry unit construction or clear
<br />eart fill ptacebl in concrete masonry unit voics below stab tevel. before termite treatment is perFormecl.
<br />R320 . 4 Concrete bearing Ledge.
<br />Brick, stone or other veneer shall Ice supported by a concrete bearing Led e at (east equal to the total thickness of the
<br />brick, store or other veneer, which is poured integrally with the concrete Po u nclation. Nonsu�ipl.emental concrete Foundation
<br />pours which will create a hidden cold joint shati. Ice used without supplemental. treatment I t e foundation unless there is
<br />an approved physical barrier. An approved physical barrier shall also be installed from below the wall sit( plate or first
<br />block course horizontoLLLy to embed in a Mortar int, If masonry veneer extends below gracle, a termite protective
<br />treatment must be applied to the cavity createclo between the veneer and the foundation, in Lieu of a physical barrier,
<br />Exception: Veneer supported by a shelF angle or Lintel secured to the foundation sidewa(L in accordance with ACI 530/ASCE
<br />5/TMS 402, provided at Least a 6-inch (152 mm) clear inspection space OF the foundation siclewQIL exterior exist between
<br />t% venee� and jth� �op cp.f apA uit, socl nuich c�- otqer _k, apron, porch, walk or any
<br />I UCTSp
<br />a er wor imme id e y a jace o or adjoining he s r ?Ic Landscaping component, dec
<br />R320.5 Pressure preservatively treated and naturatt. resistant wood,
<br />Heartwood of redwood and eastern red cedar shial.l. ge considered termite resistant. Pressure preservQtivety treated wood
<br />and naturally termite-resistQnt wood shall not Ice used as c. physical loQrrier unless a barrier can Ice inspected for any
<br />termite shelter tubes around the inside and outside edges and joints of a barrier.
<br />R320.5.1 Field treatment.
<br />Field cut ends, notches and driliecl holes of pressure preservativeLy treated wood shalt be retreated in the Field in
<br />accordance with AWPA M4.
<br />R320.6 Foam pi C �rotection.
<br />Extruded and qxpan ed polystyrene
<br />), poLyisoganurate and other foam plastics shalt not be installed on the exterior face
<br />or under interior or exterior Foun ation wal. s or sLalo Foundations Located below grade. The clearance between Foam
<br />plastics instatLecl above gracle and exposed earth shell. be at (east 6 inches (152 Min).
<br />Exce
<br />1. Buiptions:
<br />it clings where the structural members a watts, floors, ceilings and roofs are entirely of noncombustible materials or
<br />pressure preservatively treated wood.
<br />2. When in addition to the requirements of Section R320.1, an approved method of protecting the PoQm plastic ancl
<br />structure from subterranean termite damage is provided,
<br />3. On the interior side OF basement watts.
<br />R32211
<br />ALL new single-Famity houses, duplexes, triplexes, condominiums and townhouses shall provide at least one bathroom, Located
<br />maximum possilo(e privacy, where bathrooms ore provided on habitcloLe grade levels, with Q door that has a 29-inch (737 mm)
<br />clear open in However, if only a toilet room is provided (it grade Level, such toilet rooms shall have a clear opening of
<br />not Less thg� 29 inches (737 mm).
<br />FOUNDATIONS SECTION R401
<br />Exceptions:
<br />R401.1 Application.
<br />The provisions of this chapter shaR control the design and construction of the foundation and foundation
<br />�paces For c(l buitoli n qs.
<br />wood foundations shall be designed and installed in accordance with AF&PA Report No. 7 (see Section R301.211).
<br />L The provisions of this chapter shall, be permitted to be used for wood foundations only in the
<br />-Following situations:
<br />1A. In loultdings that have no more than two Floors and a roof.
<br />1,2. When interior basement and foundation wall�s are provided at intervals not exceeding 50 feet.
<br />2. In addition to the provisions of this chapter, the deslqn and construction of foundations in areas
<br />prone to Flooding shall meet the provisions of Section _R323,
<br />3, Buildings and structures located within the High-Vetocity Hurricane Zone shalt comply with the
<br />provisions of Chapter 44
<br />R 4 01.2 Requirements,
<br />Foundation construction shQU be capable of accommodating all Loads according to Section R301 and of
<br />transmitting the resulting Loads to the supporting solt. Fill soils that support footings and foundations
<br />shalL be designed, installed and tested in accordance with accepted engineering practice, Gravel fit( used as
<br />footings For wood and precast concrete Foundations shaLL comply with Section R403
<br />R401.3 Drainage.
<br />Surface drainage shall be diverted to a storm sewer conveyance or other approved point of collection so
<br />as to not create a hazard, Lots shatL be graded so as to drain surface water away Prom Foundation wa(Ls,
<br />The grade away from foundation watts shal.l. fall a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm) within the First
<br />10 feet (3048 mm).
<br />Exception: Where Lot Lines, watts, slopes or other physical barriers prohibit 6 inches (152 mm) of fati, within
<br />10 feet (3048 mm), drains or swaLes shalt, be provided to ensure ensure drainage away from the structure,
<br />R401.4 Soll. tests.
<br />In areas Likely to have expansive, compressible, shifting or other unknown soll, characteristics, the buitcling
<br />oPficiat shall. determine whether to require a soil test to determine the soit?s characteristics at a particular
<br />location. This test shall be made by an approved agency using an approved method,
<br />R401,41 Geotechnical. evaluation.
<br />In Lieu of a complete geotechnica[, evaluation, the toad-loearing values in ToLlote R401.4,1 shall, be assumed,
<br />TABLE R40i.4.1
<br />PRESUMPTIVE LOAD -BEARING VALUES OF
<br />FOUNDATION MATERIALS LOAD -BEARING PRESSURE
<br />CLASS OF MATERIAL
<br /><pounds per square foot) 12,000
<br />CrystaILI.Ine bedrock 4,000
<br />Sedimentary and foillated rock 3,000
<br />Sandy gravel and/or gravel (GW and GP)
<br />Sand, silty sand, cLayey sand, silty gravel and clayey gravel 2,000
<br />(SW, SP, SM, SC, GM and GC)
<br />Clay, sQndy clay, silty cIQy, clayey silt, siLt and sandy sitt 1,500 lo
<br />(CI, ML, MH and CH)
<br />For SI: 1 pound per square foot = 0.0479 kN/m 2
<br />a. When soil tests ore required loy Section R401,4 , the attowabLe bearing capacities of the so!( shatt loe part
<br />of the recommendations,
<br />b, Where the buildino officicl. determines th�t in-ptace soils with an allowable begring ci�tp%city of less than
<br />1,5,1 Psf
<br />r !�-,,e 1i eLy to be present at he site, the oLLILowabLe bearing capacity sha e determined by a
<br />��oi s nves 19a ion.
<br />R401.5 Compressible or shifting soil.
<br />When top- or sulosoRs are compressible or shifting, such soils shaill. loe removed to a depth and width
<br />sufficient to vsure stable moiF?ture content in each active zone and shatill not be used as fill. or Stabilized
<br />within each ac ive zone by chemical, dewatering, or presaturation.
<br />SECTION R403
<br />FOOTINGS
<br />R403.1 Generat,
<br />All exterior walls shaIL be s�gportecl an continuous solid f tl ted masonry or concrete F,qotin
<br />or cps, wood fouZ�ions
<br />�,,&yrdes,Qn to accommo?pfrall I,
<br />propther approved structur I systVms which shalt. Oe 9F suf4 C Loa s a cording to Sec ion
<br />3 and to transmit the resulting clads to the scit within the Limitciticr-s as determine om the character of the scit.
<br />Footings shalt be supported on undisturbed natural solts or engineered fill.
<br />R40311 Minimum size,
<br />Minimum sizes for concrete and masonry footin s shalL be as set Forth in Table R403.1 and Figure R403.10). The FOOtingt width,
<br />W she[[ be based on the toad -bearing valu.e op the soil in accordance with Talote R401.41 Spread footings shall, be at east
<br />6'inches (152 mm) in thicknp�,.Ftqotinq prodections, P, shalt Ice at least 2 inches (51 mm) and shaU not exceed the thickness
<br />.F 3
<br />the footing. The size ngs supp rting piers and columns shalt be based on the tributary Load and aLLowalote soil
<br />in accordance with Table R401.4.1. Footinqs for wood foundations shall be in accordance with the details set Forth in
<br />Section R403.2, and Figures R403.1(2) and R403.10).
<br />R40314 Minimum depth.
<br />At[ exterior footings shalt Ice placed at Least 12 inches (305 mm) below the undisturbed ground surface.
<br />Y403.t.5 Slope.
<br />to
<br />.2 surface of footinys shff.L( be Level. The loottom surface OF footings shaill. not have a slope exceeclin one unit
<br />verti L I r) 10 units horizon at (I -percent slope). Footings shall. be stepped where it is necessary to change 9the elevation
<br />of the top surface of the footinas or where the slope of the bottom surface of the footings wit( exceed one unit
<br />vertical in ten units horizontal (10 percent slope).
<br />R40316 Foundation anchorage,
<br />When braced wall panels are supported directly on continuous foundations, the wall wood siLL plate or cold -formed steel
<br />bottom track shall he anchored to the Foundation in accordance with this section.
<br />The wood sole plate at exterior walls �Ithic stalas and w�od silt pt.Tte shall be anchored to the founclqtiori with
<br />anch2r, 10 It Cl CL Maxim mm) on centtr here she L Ice a minimum OF two loolts per plate section with
<br />tr of 6 L
<br />P a 12 inches (305 mm) or ess ha seven looLt diameters From each end of the ptate section.
<br />one a t %CsAec�cneot more n n
<br />Botts shoLLL Ice at Least �6 inch (12,7 mm) in diameter and shall extend a minimum of 7 inches (178 mm) into masonry or
<br />concrete. Interior bear in at( sole plates on monolithic stab foundations shalt. be positively anchored with approved
<br />fasteners, A nut and w1i.&;e`r shalt be tiQhtened on each ott to the plate. SiLLs and sole plates shat( loe protected against
<br />decy �rid ti�rmltes whi�e r ired Icy SL5�tiorp R3�9 and MO. Cqtd-forr�,ed $tee� sg�ST.T. sh.J oe fastened to the
<br />woo sl t Plates or anc . e(Mirectly to he ounciation as required in Section 50 . .1 r
<br />Exce5tion:
<br />Foun ation anchor straps, spaced as required to provide equivalent anchorage to !4-inch-diameter (12.7 mm) anchor bolts.
<br />R40317 Footings on or adjacent to slopes.
<br />The placement of bulletin s and structures on or ad'acent to slopes steeper than I. unit vertical in 3 units horizontal
<br />(33.3-percent slope) s0l, conform to Sections R403Y.71 through R403.1.7,4,
<br />R403.1.7.1 Building clearances from ascending slopes,
<br />In generai buildings below slopes shall. be set Q suFficient distance From the slope to provide -protection from sto e
<br />cIr alrage, erosion and shallow Failures. Except as provided in Section R403.1,7,4 and Figure R4Q3.1.7.1, the Following criyeria
<br />wilt be assumed to provide this protection Where the existing slope is steeper than one unit vertical in one unit horizontal
<br />�100-pFrgnt sl.oip�?), the toe OF the slope shQ(L be ' be at the inter ec�ticn o-Fea hor onto( ?,Lcne drown Prom the
<br />-cop b t e Foundation and a plane drawn tangent taps stuhe cis Itoope at an an L ofs 4 cl re s (0.7� red) o the horizontal.
<br />Where a retain' LL I structed at the 'toe of the slope, the heighR'of the sld�e shall. be measured from the top
<br />'TR we' ')Pt'ge slope,
<br />of the wall to t e top c
<br />R403.1.7.2 Footing setback from descending sto e surfaces.
<br />Footings on or adjacent to slope surfaces s%lt lee founded in mQterioL( with an embedment and setback from the slope
<br />surface sufficient to provi ertica and L erat su art F?,r the Footinq without detrimental settlement. Except as
<br />rovided 1,,,r in S ection R4017V4 and iF V1403.1.7.1, Ppiofoltowin to meet the criteria, Where
<br />P 7 -lot, projected the toe of the slope,
<br />-)ntcLp jgtloaclZ is deemed adequate
<br />Pthe slope tee er than one unit verticat in one unit r 0 )ercent slope) the requ.,red setback shatt be
<br />J
<br />measured Fr.m a n imaQinarX plane 45 degrees (0.79 red) to the horizon upward
<br />R 4 0 3.1.7.3 Foundation e(evation.
<br />On qraclecl sites, the top of any exterior founclation shatt.extend above the elevation of the street cutter at point of
<br />clisc'harqe� or the inlet of an approved drainage device ck minimum of 12 inches (305 mm) plus 2 percent. Alternate elevations
<br />are per m[ttiFold pu.�Aect to the approval of thZ�ub u itcling official provided it cp�n n Ice 0 clem nstratecl that required drainage to
<br />the point a Isc arge and away from the str cture is provided at at( Locatio s n t e site,
<br />R40317,4 Alternate setback and clearances.
<br />Alternate setbacks and clearances are permitted, subject to the approval of the building oPP!c!cL(, The building official is
<br />permitted to require an Investiqation and recomm6nolation of a qualified engineer to clemonstrate that the intent of this
<br />section has been 5atisfiecl. Such an investigation shall include consideration of material, height of slope, slope gradient,
<br />toacl.intens%.ancl erosion characteristics of slope material.
<br />R403 1,8 Foun tions on expansive soils.
<br />Foundation and floor stabs for buildings Located on expansive scils shall loe designed in accordance with Section 1805.8
<br />OF the Florida Building Code, Building.
<br />Exception: Stalo-or-grouncl and other foundation systems which have performed acle uateLy in soil conditions simitar to those
<br />b LI
<br />encountered at the buitcling site are permitted subject to the approval of the I ding official.
<br />R40318.1 Expansive soils classiFications.
<br />�oits Mee ing all four of the Fotlov�inpclprovisions shalL Ice considered expansive, except that tests to show compliance with
<br />tems 1, � and 3 shQIL not be requi r f the test prescribed In Item 4 is conducted:
<br />1. Plasticity Index (PI) of 15 or greater, determined in accordance with ASTM D 4318.
<br />2. More than 10 percent of the sci L partic I es pass a No. 200 sieve (75 mm), determined in accordance with ASTM D 422.
<br />3. More than 10 percent of the soil particles (ire Less than 5 micrometers in size, determined in accordance with ASTM D 422,
<br />4. Expansion index greater than 20 , determined in accordance with ASTM D 4829.
<br />R403,2 Footings for wood foundations,
<br />Footings For wood Foundations shall be in accordance with Figures R403,1(2) and R403,10). Gravel. shall. Ice washed and well
<br />�racle The maximum size stone shalt not exceed ? inch (19.1 mm>. Gravel shot( loe Free From or.ganic, ctQyey or silty soils,
<br />and shall be coarse, not smatter than 1/16-irch (1.6 mm) veins and shaR be Free from organic, clayey or silty soils.
<br />rushed stone shalt have a maximum size of X inch <12.7 m
<br />R404.4.6 Reinforcing steel.
<br />R404.4.6.1 Ger)erQL.
<br />Reir)Porcinyi steel shall meet the �Irements of ASTM A 615, A 706 or A 996. The minimum yield strength of reinforcing steel
<br />�7
<br />�ho,Lt 000 ?,si (Grade 41�) L( t�M OL). vg�lcat an�thorizontcil. wall rVinforcgents shcAL �e pl,a,�ecl no closer to the ou�sicle
<br />a e wall t ic ress. eel. reinforcemen f or
<br />e t ounclation wal. s she I have concrete cover in
<br />ac �F, hlewlgl. A L
<br />acco a ce
<br />Exception: Where insulated concrete forms are used and the form remains in place as cover for the concrete, the minimum
<br />concrete cover for the reinforcing steel is permitted to be reduced to ? inch (19,1 mm).
<br />R404.4,6.2 Horizontal reinforcement.
<br />When vertical reinforcement is required, ICF Foundation watts shatl have horizontal reir)Porcement in accordance with this
<br />section, ICF Pouridation watts up to 8 Peet �2438 mm) in helqht shall have a minimum of one continuous No. 4 horizontal
<br />reinForcing bar placed at 48 inches (1219 mm) on center with one bar Located within 12 inches (305 mm) oP the to
<br />of the
<br />wall. st ICF founclation watts greater than 8 feet (2438 mm) in height shall have a minimum of one continuous o. 4
<br />"Or
<br />horizontaf reinforcing bar placed at 36 inches (914 mm) on center with one bar located within 12 inches (305 mm) of the
<br />top of the wall story,
<br />R404.4.6,3 Wall openings.
<br />Vertical wait reinforcement required loy Section R404.4.2, R404.4.3 or R404,4.4 that is interrupted by wall openings shQLL have
<br />additional. vertical reinforcement of the same size placed within 12 inches <305 mm) of each side of the opening.
<br />R40415 Foundation wall thickness based on walls supported,
<br />The thickness of concrete and masonry foundation wells shaU not be Less than the thickness of the wall supported, except
<br />that foundation watts OF at Least 8-inch (203 mm) nominal, thickness shalt loe permitted under brick -veneered Frame watts and
<br />under 10-inch-wide (254 mm) cavity walls where the total heiqht of the wait supported, including gables, is not more than
<br />20 feet (6096 mm), provided the requirements of Sections R40411 and R404.1.2 are met.
<br />R40415,1 Pier and curtain we,(( Foundations,
<br />Pier and curtain wall foundations shatt be p ei�,mittecl to be used to support Light-frQme construction not more than two
<br />stories in height, provided the following requ," ments are meti
<br />1. ALL toad -bearing walls shall be placed on continuous concrete footin
<br />bgs placed integrally with the exterior wall. footings.
<br />L
<br />2, The minimum actual thickness of a locid-bearinq masonry watt shell not Less than 4 inches (102 mm) nominal or
<br />23/8 inches (92 mm) actual thickness, and shall, Ice boncled integrally with piers spaced in accordance with Section R606.8.
<br />3. Piers shot( be constructed in accordance with Section R606.5 and Section R606.5.1, and shalt Ice loorclecl into the
<br />(oad-bearing masonry wait in accordance with Section R60811 or Section R608.112.
<br />4. The maximum height of a 4-inch (102 mm) load -bearing masonry Foundation waLL supporting wood framed watts and floors
<br />shalt not loe more than 4 Feet <1219 mm) in height,
<br />5. AnThoragF�alll be in accorclance with R403.1.6, Figure R404.1.50), or as specified loy engineered design accepted loy the
<br />bu ing Icia .
<br />6. The unbalanced Fitt For 4-irich (102 mm) Foundation wells shalt not exceed 24 inches (610 mm) For solid masonry or
<br />12 inches (305 mm) for hollow masonry,
<br />7. Reserved.
<br />R406.3.2 Below gracle moisture barrier.
<br />A 6-mit-thick (0.15 mm) polyethylene FILM shalt be applied over the betow-grotcle portion of exterior foundation walls prior to
<br />backfilling, Joints in the polyethylene film shall, be Lapped 6 inches (152 mm) and seated with adhesive. The top edge of the
<br />PoVeth�lene Pitm shall, lee boncled to the sheathinp, to form � s ce. FILM areas at acle level shall Ice pro ecUd fr
<br />I, Ir
<br />me hani at damage and exposure by a pressure p eservative r ated Lumber or KLywood s rip attached Ao e waTseveraL
<br />inches �Ioove finish grario level an� extenclin8 �pproximatT� in�7hes (�29 mm) VI.ow grade. 11he joint between th� strip and
<br />the waL shaLl. be �d Full leng h prior t astening e strip to he wall. ther coverings appropriate to t e
<br />architectural treatment May also Ice used. The polyethylene Film shall extend clown -to the bottom of the wood footing plate
<br />lout shalt not overlap or extend into the gravel. or crushed store footing.
<br />SECTION R408
<br />UNDER-FLDOR SPACE
<br />R408,1 Ventilation,
<br />The uncler-fLoor space between the bottom of the fLoor joists and the earth under any building <except space occupied
<br />by a basement or cellar) shQLL be provided with ventilation openings through foundation watts or exterior watts. The minimum
<br />net area of ventilation openings shottl. not be less than 1 square foot for each 150 square feet (0.67 m2 for each 100 m2)
<br />of uncler-fLoor space area, One such ventilating opening shall, be within 3 feet (914 mm) of each corner of said loulLding,
<br />R408.2 Openings for uncler-ftoor ventilation.
<br />The minimum net area of ventiLatio h It not be Less than 1 square foot (0.0929 m2) for each 150 square feet
<br />(100 m2) of under-Ficor space arerlQ.Odneeninsguschsvckentitating opening shall be within 3 Feet (914 mm) of each corner of the
<br />loultaling, Ventilation openings shall be covered for their heiRht anomwidth with any of the following materials provided that
<br />the Least dimension of the covering shalt not exceed X inc (6 4 m ):
<br />1, Perforated sheet Metal plates not Less than 0.070 inch (1,8 mm) thick.
<br />2. Expanded sheet metal plates not less than 0,047 inch (1.2 mm) thick,
<br />3. Cast iron grills or grating,
<br />4. Extruded toad -bear brick vents.
<br />5. Hardware cloth of '�nhti inch (0.89 mm) wire or heavier.
<br />6. Corrosion- re si s tant wire mesh, with the Least dimension being 1/8 inch <3.2 mm),
<br />Exceptions:
<br />1. Where warranted by climatic conditions, ventilation openings to the outdoors are not required if ventilation openings
<br />to the interior are provided.
<br />2. The total area of ventilation o enings ay b , reduced to 1/1500 of the under-Ptoor area where the ground surface is
<br />m L
<br />ter
<br />treated with an approved vapor re er material and the required openings are placed so as to provide cross-ventitcition
<br />of the s ace. The Installation of operable Louvers shalt not loe prohibited.
<br />3. Uncle Pico r spaces used as supply plenums for distribution of heated and coated air shalt comply with the
<br />require m ents of Section M1601.9.
<br />4. Ventilation openings are not required where continuously operated mechanical ventilation is provided at a rate of 1.0 cfm
<br />(10 m2) for eoc 50 square feet (1.02 L/s) of under-Ploor space Floor area and ground surface is covered with an
<br />approved vapor retarder material,
<br />5. Ventilation openip t required when the ground surface is covered with an approved vapor retarder material, the
<br />tr are no
<br />space Is supplied w cand tioned air and the perimeter walls are insutated to R-5 for North Florida, R-4 for Central.
<br />Florida and R-0 for South Florida.
<br />R408.3 Access.
<br />Access shall be provided to all uncler-PLoor spaces. �ccess openings through the Floor shall be Q minimum of 18 inches by
<br />24 inches (457 mm by 610 mm). Openings through a perimeter watt shall, be 16 inches by 24 inches (407 mm loy 610 mm). When any
<br />portion of the through wait access is below grade, an areaway of not Less than 16 inches loy 24 inches (407 mm by 610 mm)
<br />she((. be provided. The bottom of the areaway shot[ Ice below the threshold of the access opening. Through wait access
<br />openin s shalt not Ice located under a door to the residence, See M1305.1.4 for access requirements where mechQniccLL
<br />equipmpnt is located under floors.
<br />SECTION 1911
<br />MINIMUM SLAB PROVISIONS
<br />1911.1 General.
<br />The thickness of concrete floor slabs supported directly on the ground shQ(L not be less than 31/2 inches (89 mm)
<br />A 6-mil. 10.006 inch (152 mm)] polyethylene vapor retarder with joints lappecl not Less then 6 inches (152 mm) shalt be placed
<br />between the base course or subgrade and the con-ete Floor stab, or other approved equivalent methods or materials shalt be
<br />used to retard vapor transmission through the Ftcc-,- slab.
<br />Exception: A vapor retarder is not required:
<br />1. For detached structures accessory to occupancies in Group R-3 as applicable in Section 101.2, such as garages, utility
<br />buildings or other unheated Facilities.
<br />2. For unheated store, e rooms having an area of Less than 70 square feet (6,5 m2) and carports attached to occupancies
<br />in Group R-3 as applylcablle in Section 101,2,
<br />3, For buildings of other occupancies where migration of moisture through the slab from below will not Ice cletrimentaL to
<br />the intended occupancy of the ouiLcling.
<br />4. For driveways, wai patios and other flatwork which will not be enclosed at a later date.
<br />5. Where approved based or) Local site conditions,
<br />1911.2 Joints.
<br />Concrete stabs on ground shc,(L be provided with joints in accordance with ACI 224.3R or other approved methods, Joints shalt
<br />be designed by an architect or engineer.
<br />Exceptioni Joints are not re !red in unreinforced plain concrete stabs on ground or In slabs for one- and two-family
<br />dwellings complying with one oV the following:
<br />1. Concrete slabs on ground containing synthetic Fiber reinforcement. Fiber Lengths and closage amounts shaLl comply with
<br />one of the following
<br />(1) Fiber lengths shall Ice 112 inch to 2 inches (13 to 51 mm) in Length. Dosage amounts shall Ice from 0,75 to 1.5 pounds per
<br />cubic ard (0.45 to 0.89 k9/m3) in accordance with the manufacturerls recommendations. S n thetic fibers shalt comply with
<br />ASTM � 1116, The Manufacturer or supplier shaiL provide certlPication of comptio,nce with A�TM C 1116 when requested by the
<br />building oFFicial.; or,
<br />(2) FiberolenTth,.shaLLuberfrom 1/2,inch to 2 inches (13 mr) to 51 mm) in length, monofitament or fibritlated. Dosage amounts shalt
<br />be from .5 o 5 po ncl , per culoc yarcl (0.30 to 0.89 kg/m3) to achieve minimum 40 percent reduction of plastic shrinkage
<br />cracking of concrete versus a control mix in accordance with ICBO AC32. Ind encient test results usin,� minimum six (6) test
<br />wt "N A32. Synthetic f1be r s
<br />specimens shaR be provided to the building offlciat showing compliance 1 In ICB t comply with ASTM C1116,
<br />Paragraph 413, T�pe III, The manufacturer or supplier shall, provide certification of compliance with ASTM C1116 when requested
<br />by building of-Ficia .
<br />2. Concrete slabs on Q�ourd containing 6x6 Wi.4 1 W1.4 welded wire reinforcement fabric located in the middle to the upper
<br />one-third OF the slab. welded wire reinforcement Fabric shcAL lee supported with approved materials or supports at spacings
<br />to exceed 3 feet (914 mm) or in accordance with the manufacturer?s speci-Ficcitions. Wetcled plain wire reinforcement fabric for
<br />concrete shQLL conform to ASTM A 185, Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement Fabric, Plain, for
<br />Concrete ReIrForcement,
<br />V
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