|
- .
<br />7
<br />�
<br />�
<br />t
<br />1� Seams for Other Than Aluminum: Fabricate nonmoving seams in accessories with flat -lock seams. Tin edges
<br />to be seamed, form seams, and solder.
<br />C. Sealed Joints: Form nonexpanslion but movable Joints In metal to accommodate elastomeric sealant to comply with
<br />j
<br />SMACNA recommendations.
<br />D. Expansion Provisions: Where lapped or bayonet -type expansion provisions in the Work cannot be used, form expan-
<br />1 j '
<br />s on oints of intermeshing hooked flanges, not less than I inch deep, filled with elastom eric sealant concealed within
<br />.
<br />'
<br />joints.
<br />E. Conceal fasteners and expansion provisions where possible on exposed -to -view sheet metal flashing and trim, unless
<br />otherwise indicated.
<br />F. Fabricate cleats and attachment devices from same material as accessory being anchored or from compatible, noncor-
<br />rosive metal, and in thickness not less than that of metal being secured.
<br />2.6 ROOF DRAINAGE SHEET METAL FABRICATIONS
<br />A. Hanging Gutters: Fabricate to cross section indicated, complete with end pieces, outlet tubes, and other accessories as
<br />required. Fabricate in minimum 96-inch-long sections. Furnish flat -stock gutter spacers and gutter brackets fabricated
<br />from sarne metal as gutters, of size recommended by SMACNA but not less than twice the gutter thickness. Fabricate
<br />expansion j ints, expansion -Joint covers, gutter bead reinforcing bars, and gutter accessories from same metal as gut
<br />ol -
<br />ters.
<br />I . Fabricate from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.040 inch thick.
<br />B. Downspouts: Fabricate rectangular downspouts complete with mitered elbows. Furnish with metal hangers, from
<br />same material as downspouts, and anchors.
<br />I . Fabricate downspouts from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.024 thick.
<br />C. Parapet Scuppers: Fabricate scuppers of dimensions required with closure flange trim to exterior, 4-inch- wide wall
<br />flanges to interior, and base extending 4 inches beyond cant or tapered strip into field of roof. Fasten gravel guard
<br />angles to base of scupper.
<br />I . Fabricate parapet scuppers from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.0320 inch thick.
<br />D. Conductor Heads: Fabricate conductor heads with flanged back and stiffened top edge and of dimensions and shape
<br />indicated complete with outlet tubes and built-in overflows.
<br />1 . Fabricate conductor heads from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.0320 inch thick.
<br />2.7 LOW -SLOPE ROOF SHEET METAL FABRICATIONS
<br />A. Roof Edge Flashing (Gravel Stop) and Fascia Caps: Fabricate in minimum 96-inch long, but not exceeding 10-foot-
<br />long, sections. Furnish with 6-inch- wide joint cover plates.
<br />1. Fabricate from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.050 inch thick.
<br />B . Copings: Fabricate in minimum 96-inch- (2400-mm-) long, but not exceeding 10-foot- (3-m-) long, sections. Fabri-
<br />.
<br />cate joint plates of same thickness as copings. Furnish with continuous cleats to support edge of extemal leg and[ drill
<br />elongated holes for fasteners on] interior leg. Miter corners, seal, and solder or weld watertight.
<br />I . Fabricate copings from the following material:
<br />a. Stainless Steel: 0.050 inch thick.
<br />C. Base Flashing: Fabricate from the following material:
<br />I . Stainless Steel: 0.040 inch thick.
<br />D. Counterflashing: Fabricate from the following material:
<br />1. Stainless Steel: 0.0320 inch > thick.
<br />E. Roof -Penetration Flashing: Fabricate from the following material as indicated on drawings:
<br />1 . Lead: 4.0 lb/sq. ft., hard tempered.
<br />F. Roof -Drain Flashing: Fabricate from the following material:
<br />1
<br />I . Lead: 4.0 lb/sq. ft. , hard. tempered. I
<br />PART 3 - EXECUTION
<br />3.1 INSTALLATION, GENERAL
<br />A. General: Anchor sheet metal flashing and trim and other components of the Work securely in place, with provisions
<br />for thermal and structural movement. Use fasteners, solder, welding rods, protective coatings, separators, sealants,
<br />and other miscellaneous iterns as required to complete sheet metal flashing and trim system.
<br />I . Torch cutting of sheet metal flashing and trim is not permitted.
<br />B. Metal Protection: Where dissimilar metals will contact each other or corrosive substrates, protect against galvanic
<br />action by painting contact surfaces with biturninous coating or by other permanent separation as recommended by
<br />fabricator or manufacturers of dissimilar metals.
<br />C. Install exposed sheet metal flashing and trim without excessive oil canning, buckling, and tool marks.
<br />,
<br />�� 0. Install sheet metal flashing and trim true to line and levels indicated, Provide uniform, neat seams with rninimurn
<br />exposure of solder, welds, and elastorneric sealant.
<br />E. Install sheet metal flashing and trim to fit substrates and to result in watertight performance. Verify shapes and dimen-
<br />-ions of surfaces to be covered before fabricating sheet metal.
<br />s
<br />1. Space cleats not more than 12 niches apart. Anchor each cleat with two fasteners. Bend tabs over fasteners.
<br />F. Expansion Provisions: Provide for thermal expansion of exposed flashing and trim. Space movement joints at a
<br />maximum of I 0 feet with no ,joints allowed within 24 inches of comer or intersection. Where lapped or bayonet -type
<br />i
<br />expansion provisions cannot be used or would not be sufficiently watertight, form expansion joints of intenrieshing
<br />hooked flanges, not less than I inch deep, filled with elastorneric sealant concealed within joints.
<br />G. Fasteners: Use fasteners of sizes that will penetrate substrate not less than 1-1/4 inches for nails and not less that) 3/4
<br />inch for wood screws.
<br />I . Galvanized or Prepainted, Metallic -Coated Steel: Use stainless -steel rasteners.
<br />i Aluminum: Use aluminum or stainless -steel fasteners.
<br />3. Copper: Use copper orstainless-steel fasteners.
<br />4. Stainless Steel: Use stainless -steel fasteners.
<br />H. Seal Joints with elastorneric sealant as required for watertight construction.
<br />1. Soldered Joints: Clean surfaces to be soldered, removing oils, and foreign matter. Pretin edges of sheets to be soldered
<br />to a width of I- 1/2 inches except where pretinned surface would show in finished Work.
<br />I . Do not solder alurninurn sheet.
<br />3.2 ROOF DRAINAGE SYSTEM INSTAI-LATION
<br />A. General: Install sheet metal roof drainage iterns to produce complete roof drainage system according to SMACNA
<br />17,
<br />1
<br />recommendations and as indicated. Coordinate installation of roof perimeter flashing with installation of roof drain-
<br />age system.
<br />B. Hanging Gutters: Join sections with riveted and soldered joints or with lapped Joints sealed with elastomeric sealant.
<br />eD
<br />Provide for thermal expansion. Attach gutters at eave or fascia to firmly anchored gutter brackets spaced not more
<br />than 36 inches apart. Provide end closures and seal watertight with sealant. Slope to downspouts. .
<br />I . Install gutter with expansion joints at locations Indicated but not exceeding 50 feet apart. Install expansion
<br />joint caps.
<br />2. Install continuous gutter screens oil gutters with noncorrosive fasteners, removable for cleaning gutters.
<br />C. Downspouts: Join sections with I- I /2-inch telescoping joints. Provide fasteners designed to hold downspouts securely
<br />I inch away from walls; locate fasteners at top and bottom and at approximately 60 inches o.c. in between.
<br />D. Parapet Scuppers: Install scuppers where indicated through parapet. Continuously support scupper, set to correct
<br />elevation, and seal flanges to interior wall face, over cants or tapered edge strips, and under roofingrnernbrane.
<br />E. Conductor Heads: Anchor securely to wall with elevation of conductor head rim I inch (125 mm) below scupper dis-
<br />charge.
<br />3.3 ROOF FLASHING INSTALLATION
<br />A. General: Install sheet metal roof flashing and trim to comply with performance requirements and SMACNA's "Archi-
<br />tectural Sheet Metal Manual." Provide concealed fasteners where possible, set units true to line, and level as indi-
<br />cated. Install work with laps, joints, and seams that will be permanently watertight.
<br />B. Roof Edge Flashing and Copings: Anchor to resist uplift and outward forces according to recommendations in FMG
<br />Loss Prevention Data Sheet 1-49 and the authority having jurisdiction.
<br />C. Counterflashing: Coordinate installation of counterflashing with installation of base flashing. Insert counterflashing
<br />in reglets or receivers and fit tightly to base flashing. Secure in a waterproof manner. Extend counterflashing 4 inches
<br />over base flashing. Lap counterflashingjoints a minimum of 4 inches (100 mm) and bed with elastorneric sealant.
<br />D. Roof- Penetration Flashing: Coordinate installation of roof- penetration flashing with installation of roofing and other
<br />items penetrating roof. Install flashing as follows:
<br />I . Turn lead flashing down inside vent piping, being careful not to block vent piping with flashing.
<br />2. Seat with elastorneric sealant and clamp flashing to pipes penetrating roof except for lead flashing on vent
<br />I
<br />p ping.
<br />END OF SECTION 07620
<br />SECTION 07920 - JOINT SEALANTS
<br />PART I -
<br />1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS
<br />A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1
<br />Specification Sections, apply to this Section.
<br />1.2 SUMMARY
<br />A. This Section includes sealants for the following:
<br />I . Exteriorjoints in vertical surfaces and nontraffic horizontal surfaces.
<br />2. Exterior 'oints in horizontal traffic surfaces.
<br />j
<br />3. Interior joints in vertical surfaces and horizontal nontraffic surfaces.
<br />4. Interior joints in horizontal traffic surfaces.
<br />5. Firestop system through fire resistance - rated walls.
<br />6. Exterior joints in sheet metal flashing and trim.
<br />1.3 SUBMITTALS
<br />A. Firestop System Submittals: For each through- penetration firestop system, show each kind of construction condition
<br />penetrated, relationships to adjoining construction and kind of penetrating item. Include firestop design designation
<br />of testing and inspecting agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction that evidence compliance with require-
<br />bj 1
<br />ments for each condition.
<br />1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
<br />� A. Sealant Compatibility and Adhesion Testing: Use sealant manufacturer's standard test methods to determine
<br />whether priming and other specific Joint preparation techniques are required to obtain rapid, optimum adhesion of
<br />joint sealants to joint substrates.
<br />B. Preconstruction Field -Adhesion Testing: Before installing elastorneric sealants, field test their adhesion to joint sub-
<br />strates using test method indicated in Part 3 "Field Quality Control" Article.
<br />C. Fire -resistive joint sealant systems are identical to those tested per ASTM E Il 9 under conditions where positi
<br />ive
<br />furnaces pressures of at least 0.01 inch of water is maintained at a distance of 0.78 inch below the fill materials sur-
<br />rounding the penetrating iterns in the test assembly. Provide rated systems complying with the following require-
<br />ments:
<br />I . Fire -Resistive Rating of Joint Sealants: As indicated by reference to design designations listed by UL in their
<br />"Fire Resistance Directory" or by another testing inspecting agency.
<br />D. Mockups: Before installing 'oint sealants, apply elastomeric sealants to demonstrate aesthetic effects and qualities
<br />i
<br />of materials and execution.
<br />I . may become part of the completed Work if undisturbed at time of Substantial Comple-
<br />tion.
<br />1.5 WARRANTY
<br />A. Special Installer's Warranty: Written warranty in which Installer agrees to repair or replace elastomeric joint sealants
<br />that do not meet requirements specified in this Section or fail in adhesion within specified warranty period two years
<br />from date of Final Acceptance.
<br />PART 2 - PRODUCTS
<br />2.1 MANUFACTURERS
<br />A. In other Part 2 articles where subparagraph titles below introduce lists, the following requirements apply for product
<br />selection:
<br />I . Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the products specified.
<br />2.2 MATERIALS, GENERAL
<br />A. Compatibility: Provide joint sealants, backings, and other related materials that are compatible with one another and
<br />with Joint substrates under conditions of service and application, as demonstrated by sealant manufacturer based on
<br />testing and field experience.
<br />B. Colors of Exposed Joint Sealants: As selected from manufacturer's full range.
<br />-
<br />2.03 ELASTOMERIC JOINT SEALANTS
<br />A. Silicone Sealant: (Gutters & Coping Sealant)
<br />I . Products:
<br />a. Dow Corning; 795.
<br />b. GE Silicone, SilPruf.
<br />. C. Tremco Spectrern 2
<br />B. Single- Component Nonsag Urethane Sealant:
<br />1. For vertical masonry control joints, provide the following:
<br />a. Products:
<br />I ) Sonneborn Building Products Div., ChernRex Inc.; NP 1.
<br />2) Tremco; Vulkem 116.
<br />3) Sika Corporation; Sikaflex - Ia.
<br />b. Type and Grade: S (single component) and NS (nonsag).
<br />C. Class: 25.
<br />2. Exposure: Use T (traffic) and NT (nontraffic).
<br />3. Substrates: Uses M, G, A, and, as applicable to joint substrates indicated, 0.
<br />C. Urethane Sealant:
<br />I . Concrete paving joints, honi zontal traffic surfaces.
<br />a. Products:
<br />1) Bostik, "Chem -Calk 950".
<br />2) Sonneborn, "SL-l".
<br />3) Tremco, Vulkem 45
<br />b. Type and Grade S (singe component) and NS (nonsag).
<br />C. Class 25
<br />d. Exposure: T (traffic).
<br />e. Substrate: 0
<br />2.3 FIRESTOPPING, GENERAL
<br />A. Compatibility: Provide through -penetration firestop systems that are compatible with one another with the substrates
<br />forming openings, and with the items, if any, p * enetrating through -penetration firestop system under conditions of ser-
<br />vice and application, as demonstrated by through -penetration firestop system manufacturers based on testing and field
<br />experience.
<br />B. Accessories: Provide components for each through -penetration firestop system that are needed to install fill materials
<br />and comply with "Performance Requirements" article. . Use only components specified through penetration firestop
<br />system manufacturer and approved by the qualified testing and inspecting agency for firestop systems indicated.
<br />Accessories include, but are not limited to, the following items:
<br />1. Permanent forming/darnmingibacking materials, include the following:
<br />a. Slat -/rock -wood -fiber insulation.
<br />b. Sealants in combination with other form ing/darnming/backing materials to prevent leakage of full mate-
<br />rials in liquid state.
<br />C. Fire -rated forrn board.
<br />.
<br />d. Fillers for sealants.
<br />2. Temporary forming materials.
<br />3. Substrate primers.
<br />. 4. Collars.
<br />5. Steel sleeves.
<br />6. Products:
<br />a. 3M Fire Prevention Products.
<br />b. Hilti Firestop Systems
<br />C. International Protective Coatings Corporation (IPC, a Division of W.R. Grace).
<br />d. Trernco Inc.
<br />2
<br />.4 JOINT -SEALANT BACKING
<br />A. General: Provide sealant backings of material and type that are nonstaining,; are compatible with joint substrates,
<br />sealants, primers, and other joint filters; and are approved for applications indicated by sealant manufacturer based
<br />on field experience and laboratory testing.
<br />B. Cylindrical Sealant Backings: ASTM C 1330, of size and density to control sealant depth and otherwise contribute
<br />to producing optimum sealant performance:
<br />i
<br />I . Type: C (closed -cell material with a surf -'ace skin).
<br />C. Bond -Breaker Tape: Polyethylene tape or other plastic tape recornmended by sealant manufacturer for preventing
<br />sealant -from adhering to rigid, inflexiblejonit-filler materials or joint surfaces at back of 'oint where Such adliesi
<br />Would result in sealant failure. Provide self-adhesive tape where applicable. j ion
<br />2. 5 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
<br />A. Primer: Material recommended by joint sealant manufacturer where required for adhesion of sealant to joint sub-
<br />strates indicated, as determined from preconstruction joint -sealant -substrate tests and field tests.
<br />B, Cleaners for Nonporous Surfaces: Chemical cleaners acceptable to manufacturers of sealants and sealant backing
<br />materials, free of oily residues or other substances capable of staining or harming joint substrates and adjacent non -
<br />Porous Surfaces in any way, and formulated to prornote optimum adhesion of sealants with joint substrates.
<br />C. Masking Tape: Nonstaining, nonabsorbent material compatible with joint sealants and,surfaces adjacent to joints.
<br />� �__
<br />1
<br />PART 3 - EXECUTION
<br />3.1 INSTALLATION
<br />A. Contractor performing work must be one the Sealant Manufacturer's Approved Applicators.
<br />'
<br />B. Surface Cleaning of Joints: Clean out joints immediately before installing joint sealants.
<br />I . Remove foreign material from Joint substrates that could interfere with adhesion of joint sealant.
<br />2. Clean porous joint substrate surfaces by brushing, grinding, blast cleaning, mechanical abrading, or a combi-
<br />i
<br />*
<br />nation of these methods to produce a clean, sound substrate capable of developing optimurn bond with joint
<br />sealants. Remove loose particles remaining from above, cleaning operations by vacuuming or blowing out
<br />joints with oil -free compressed air.
<br />3. Remove laitance and form -release agents from concrete.
<br />4. Clean nonporous surfaces with chernical cleaners or other ineans that do not stain, harm substrates, or leave
<br />residues could interfere with adhesion of joint sealants.
<br />5. All surfaces to be caulked shall be clean and dry.
<br />C. Joint Priming: Prime joint Substrates where recommended in writing byjoint sealant manufacturer, based oil pre -
<br />construction j oint- sealant- substrate tests or prior experience. Confine primers to areas of joint -sealant bond; do not
<br />allow spillage or migration onto adjoining surfaces.
<br />D. Masking Tape: Use masking tape where required to prevent contact of sealant with adjoining surfaces that other-
<br />wise would be permanently stained or dailiaged by such contact or by cleaning inethods required to rernove sealant
<br />smears. Reiriove tape immediately after tooling without disturbing Joint seal.
<br />E. Sealant Installation: Comply with recommendations in ASTM C I 1 93 for use of joint sealants as applicable to mate-
<br />rials, applications, and conditions indicated.
<br />F. Install sealant backings to support sealants duning application and at position required to produce optimurn sealant
<br />movement capability.
<br />1 . Do not leave gaps between ends of sealant backings.
<br />2. Do not stretch, twist, puncture, or tear sealant backings.
<br />3. Rernove absorbent sealant backings that have become wet before sealant application and replace them with
<br />dry materials.
<br />G. Install bond -breaker tape behind sealants where sealant backings are not used between sealants and back of joints.
<br />H. Place sealants so they directly contact and fully wet joint substrates.
<br />1. Completely fill recesses provided for each joint configuration.
<br />2. Produce uniform, cross -sectional shapes and depths that allow optirnum sealant movement capability.
<br />3. All deep cracks shall be filled to within 1/2 inch of the surface with an appropriate back-up material and
<br />caulked with a caulking gun. Caulking beads shall be smooth and straight.
<br />4. Caulk around all door and storefront openings and where noted on the drawings.
<br />1. Masonry control joints shall be caulked with a high -quality paintable urethane caulk. Control depth of caulk at 3/8
<br />.
<br />inch to 1/2 inch with a continuous closed -cell rod.
<br />J. Tooling of Nonsag Sealants: Immediately after sealant application and before skinning or curing begins, tool seal-
<br />ants to form smooth, uniforrn beads, to eliminate air pockets, and to ensure contact and adhesion of sealant with
<br />sides of 'oint.
<br />j
<br />I . Remove excess sealants from surfaces adjacent to joint.
<br />2. Use tooling agents that are approved by sealant manufacturer and that do not discolor sealants or adjacent sur-
<br />faces.
<br />3. Joint Configuration: Concave joint configuration per Figure 5A in ASTM C 1193, unless otherwise indicated.
<br />K. Clean excess sealants or sealant smears adjacent to joints as installation progresses by methods and with cleaning
<br />materials approved in writing by manufacturers of Joint sealants and of products in which joints occur.
<br />L. Through -Penetration Firestop Installation:
<br />I . General: Installation through -penetration systems to comply with "Performance Requirements" of the firestop
<br />system manufacturer's written installation instructions and published drawings for the applications indicated.
<br />END OF SECTION 07920
<br />SECTION 08311 - ACCESS DOORS AND FRAMES
<br />PART I -
<br />1.1 SUMMARY
<br />A. This Section includes the following:
<br />1. Access doors and frames.
<br />1.2 SUBMITTALS
<br />A. Product Data: For each type of access door indicated.
<br />B. Samples: For each exposed finish upon request of Architect.
<br />PART 2 - PRODUCTS
<br />2.1 MATERIALS
<br />A. Steel Plates, Shapes, and Bars: ASTM A 36/A 36M,
<br />1. Hot -Dip Galvanized Steel: Coat to comply with ASTM A 123/A 123M for steel and iron products and
<br />ASTM A 153/A 153M for steel and iron hardware.
<br />B. Steel Sheet:
<br />1 . Metallic Coated: ASTM A 653/A 653M, Commercial Steel (CS), Type B, with A60) zinc -iron -alloy (galvan-
<br />nealed) coating or G60 mill-phosphatized zinc coating; stretcher- leveled standard of flatness.
<br />C. Drywall Beads: Edge trim formed from 0.0299-inch zinc -coated steel sheet formed to receive Joint compound and in
<br />I
<br />size to suit thickness of gypsum panels indicated.
<br />D. Plaster Bead: Casing bead formed from 0.0299-inch zinc -coated steel sheet with flange formed out of expanded metal
<br />lath and in size to suit thickness of plaster.
<br />E. Paint:
<br />I . Shop Primer for Ferrous Metal: Fast -curing, lead- and chrornate-free, universal modified -alkyd primer com-
<br />plying with performance requirements in FS TT-P-664; selected for good resistance to normal atmospheric
<br />corrosion, compatibility with finish paint systerns indicated, and capability to provide sound foundation for
<br />field -applied topcoats despite prolonged exposure.
<br />2. Shop Primer for Metallic -Coated Steel: Organic zinc -rich primer complying with SSPC-Paint 20 and compat-
<br />i
<br />ible with topcoat.
<br />2.2 ACCESS DOORS AND FRAMES
<br />A. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering products that may be
<br />incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:
<br />I . Cesco Products.
<br />2. Elmdor/Stoneman; Div. of Acorn Engineering Co.
<br />3. MIFAB Manufacturing, Inc.
<br />4. Milcor Limited Partnership.
<br />5. Daiken-Hatch
<br />B. Flush Access Doors and Frames with Exposed Trim:
<br />I . Material: Prime -painted steel sheet.
<br />2. Surface Type: Masonry, Finish on gypsum substrate, or as indicated on Drawings.
<br />3. Locations: Ceilings or as indicated on Drawings
<br />4. Door: MiDiMUM 0.060-inch- thick sheet metal, set flush with exposed face flange of frame.
<br />5. Frame: Minimum 0.060-inch-thick sheet metal with 1-inch-wide, surface-MOU11ted trim.
<br />6. Hinges: Spring -loaded concealed pin type.
<br />7. Latch: Screwdriver.
<br />PART3- EXECUTION
<br />3.1 INSTALLATION
<br />A. Advise installers of other work about specific requirements relating to access door and floor door installation, including
<br />sizes of openings to receive access door and frame, as well as locations of supports, inserts, and anchoring devices.
<br />B. Set frames accurately in position and attach securely to supports with plane of face panels aligned with adjacent finish
<br />surfaces.
<br />C. Adjust doors and hardware after installation for proper operation.
<br />END OF SECTION 08311
<br />SECTION 08410 - ALUMINUM ENTRANCES AND STOREFRONTS
<br />� . . . . . I I I I - . I
<br />PART I - .
<br />1.1 SUMMARY I
<br />A. This Section includes the following:
<br />I . Exterior entrance systems.
<br />2. Exterior storefront systems.
<br />I
<br />1.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
<br />A. Provide systems, including anchorage, capable of withstanding loads and thermal and structural movements indicated
<br />without failure when supporting full dead loads and without framing members transferring stresses to glazing.
<br />zn
<br />B. Structural -Silicone -Sealant Joints: Less than 20-psi tensile and shear stress in Joints.
<br />I
<br />C. Structural Loads:
<br />I . Wind Load: As indicated oil Drawings or required by authority having jusrisdiction.
<br />2. Seismic Load: As indicated oil Drawings or required by authority having jusrisdiction.
<br />D. Structural Performance: Provide systems, including anchorage, capable of withstanding loads indicated.
<br />1. Deflection Normal to Glazing Plane: Limited to 1/175 of clear span or 3/4 inch, whichever is smaller.
<br />2. Deflection Parallel to Glazing Plane: When carrying full dead load, not to exceed amount that reduces glazing
<br />Z-1
<br />bite below 75 percent of design dimension and that which reduces edge clearance between frarning members
<br />and glazing or other fixed components to less than 1/8 inch.
<br />E. Structural Testing: ASTM E 330 at t5O percent of inward and outward wind -load design pressures for duration
<br />required by design wind velocity without systern evidencing material failures, structural distress, deflection failures,
<br />or permanent deformation of main framing members exceeding 0.2 percent of clear span.
<br />F. Air Infiltration: Limited to 0.06 cfm/sq. ft. of system surface area when tested according to ASTM E 283 at a static-
<br />i
<br />air -pressure difference of L57 lbf/sq. ft..
<br />G. Water Penetration: No water leakage when tested according to ASTM E 331 at minimum differential pressure of 20
<br />percent of inward acting wind -load design pressure but not less than 6.24 lbf/sq. ft..
<br />Z:1
<br />H. Temperature Change (Range): Accommodate 120 de- F ambient and 180 deg F material surfaces.
<br />4n
<br />1. Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF): Not less than 45 per AAMA 1503. 1.
<br />.I. Average Thermal CondUctance (U-Value): Not rnore than 0.63 Btu/sq. ft. x h x deg F per AANIA 1503. 1.
<br />1.3 SUBMITTALS
<br />A. Product Data: For each system indicated.
<br />B. Shop Drawings: Include plans, elevations, sections, details of installation and attachments to other Work.
<br />I . Prepare data based on testing and engineering analysis of manufacturer's standard units in systems similar to
<br />those indicated for this Project.
<br />2. For entrance systerns, include hardware schedule and locations.
<br />C. Samples: For each exposed finish and for each color required upon request of Architect.
<br />D. Product test reports indicating compliance with applicable wind load provisions required by the authority having juris-
<br />diction.
<br />1.4 WARRANTY
<br />A. Special Warranty: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer agrees to repair or replace systems that fail in
<br />materials and workmanship within two years from date of Substantial Completion. Failure includes, but is not firnited
<br />to the following:
<br />I . Structural failures including, but not limited to, excessive deflection.
<br />2. Adhesive or cohesive sealant failures.
<br />3. Deterioration of metals, metal finishes, and other materials beyond normal weathering.
<br />4. Failure of operating components to function normally.
<br />5. Water leakage through fixed glazing and frame areas.
<br />PART 2 - PRODUCTS
<br />2.1 MANUFACTURERS
<br />A. Basis -of -Design Product: The design for systems is based oil Kawneer Tri-Fab 450. Subject to compliance with
<br />requirements, provide the named product or a comparable product by one of the following:
<br />I . EFCO Corporation.
<br />2. Arch Aluminum and Glass Co.
<br />3. YKK AP America Inc.
<br />2.2 MATERIALS
<br />A. Aluminum: ASTM B 209 sheet; ASTM B 221 extrusions.
<br />B. Finish: Clear Anodic Finish. Class 1, AAMA 607. 1.
<br />C. Glazing: Specified in Division 8 Section "Glazing."
<br />D. Glazing Gaskets: Pressure -glazing system of black resilient glazing gaskets with sealed corners, setting blocks, and
<br />shims or spacers.
<br />E. Structural- S ealant-Glazing System:
<br />I . Spacers, Setting Blocks, Gaskets, and Bond Breakers: Permanent, norimigrating types in hardness recom-
<br />mended in writing by manufacturer, and compatible with sealant.
<br />2. Structural Silicone Sealant: ASTM C 1184, recommended in writing by sealant and system manufacturers for
<br />application indicated, and compatible with system components with which it comes in contact.
<br />a. Color: As selected from manufacturer's full range.
<br />b. Tensile Strength: 100psiminimum.
<br />C. Modulus of Elasticity: Allows maximum movement of 25 percent of Joint width, unless less movement
<br />is required by system design,
<br />3. Secondary Sealant (Weatherseal): ASTM C 920, compatible with structural silicone sealant and other system
<br />components with which it comes in contact, and accommodates 50 percent increase or decrease in joint width
<br />at the time of application when tested according to ASTM C 719.
<br />a. Color: As selected from manufacturer's full range.
<br />F. Gaskets, Sealants, and Joint Fillers:
<br />1. For joints within framing system, as recommended in writing by manufacturer for joint type indicated.
<br />2. For joints at perirneter of systerns as specified in Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants."
<br />G. Bituminous Paint: SSPC-Paint 12, except containing no asbestos, cold -applied asphalt ma,."L-ic paint formulated for
<br />30-mil thickness per coat.
<br />2.3 COMPONENTS
<br />A. Doors: 1-3/4-inch-thick glazed doors with minirnum 0.125-inch-thick, extruded tubular rail and stile members,
<br />mechanically fastened corners with reinforcing brackets that are deep penetration and fillet welded or that incorporate
<br />concealed tie -rods, and with snap -on extruded -aluminum glazing stops and preformed gaskets.
<br />I . Exterior Doors: Provide compression weather stripping at fixed stops. At other locations, provide sliding
<br />weather stripping retained in adjustable strip mortised into door edge.
<br />a. Stile Design: Medium, 3-1/2-inch maximum width.
<br />2. Hardware: As specified in Division 8 door hardware Section.
<br />B. Fasteners, Flashings, and Accessories: Compatible with adjacent materials, corrosion -resistant, nonstaining, and non -
<br />bleeding. Use concealed fasteners except for application of door hardware.
<br />2.4 FABRICATION
<br />A. Fabricate framing in profiles indicated for flush glazing (without projecting stops). Provide subfrarnes and reinforci
<br />ing
<br />of types indicated or, if not indicated, as required for a complete system.
<br />B. Fabricate components to drain water passing joints and condensation and moisture occurring or migrating within the
<br />system to the exterior.
<br />C. Doors and Door Framing: Reinforce to support imposed loads and for hardware indicated. Cut, drill, and tap for fac-
<br />tory -installed hardware before finishing components.
<br />D. Factory assemble framing and components to greatest extent possible. Disassemble components only as necessary for
<br />shipment and installation.
<br />PART3- EXECUTION
<br />3.1 INSTALLATION
<br />A. Isolate metal surfaces in con . tact with incompatible metal or corrosive substrates, including wood, by painting contact
<br />surfaces with bituminous paint or primer or by applying sealant or tape recommended by manufacturer.
<br />B. Install components to drain water passing Joints and condensation and moisture occurring or migrating within the
<br />system to the exterior.
<br />C. Install glazing to comply with requirements of Division 8 Section "Glazing."
<br />I . Mechanically fasten glazing in place until structural sealant is cured.
<br />' i
<br />2. Install secondary sealant (weatherseal) to produce weatherproof joints.
<br />3. Remove excess sealant before sealant has cured.
<br />D. Install sealants at system perimeter to comply with requirements of Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants."
<br />E. Install framing components true in alignment with established lines and grades to the following tolerances:
<br />I . Variation from Plane: Limit to 1/8 inch in 12 feet; 1/4 inch over total length.
<br />2. Alignment: For surfaces abutting in line, limit offset to 1/16 inch For surfaces meeting at corners, limit offset
<br />to 1/32 inch.
<br />3. Diagonal Measurements: Limit difference between diagonal measurements to 1/8 inch.
<br />-
<br />F. Install doors without warp or rack. Adjust doors and hardware to provide tight fit at contact points and smooth opera-
<br />tion.
<br />END OF SECTION 08410
<br />SECTION 08800 - GLAZING
<br />PART I -
<br />1.1 SUMMARY
<br />A. This Section includes glazing for the following products and applications:
<br />I . Doors.
<br />2. Glazed entrances.
<br />� 3. Storefront framing. .
<br />B, See Division 8 "Aluminum Entrances and Storefronts".
<br />1.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
<br />A. Work under this specification inc,ludes the furnishing of all labor, material and services necessary and reasonably inci-
<br />dental to the providing and installing of all glazing in sash and doors shown on the drawings.
<br />B. General: Provide glazing systems capable of withstanding normal thermal movement and wind and impact loads
<br />(where applicable) without failure, including loss or glass breakage attributable to the following: defective manu-
<br />.
<br />facture, fabrication, and installation; failure of sealants or gaskets to remain watertight and airtight; deterioration of
<br />glazing materials; or other defects in construction.
<br />C. Glass Design: Glass thickness indicated are minimums and are for detailing only. Confirm glass thickness by analyz-
<br />ing Project loads and in-service conditions. Provide glass lites for various size openings in nominal thickness indi
<br />I-
<br />cated, but not less than thickness and in strengths (annealed or heat treated) required to rneet or exceed the following
<br />.. .
<br />criteria:
<br />1. Glass, Thickiiess: Select minimum glass thickness to comply with ASTM E 1300, according to the following
<br />-
<br />requirements:
<br />a. Specified Design Wind Loads: As indicated.
<br />b. Specified Design Snow Loads: As indicated.
<br />C. Probability of Breakage for Vertical Glazing: 8 lites per 1000 for lites set vertically or not more than 15
<br />degrees off vertical and under wind action.
<br />I ) Load Duration: 60 seconds or less.
<br />d. ii ickness for Exterior Lites: Not less than 1/4 inch tempered.
<br />e. Thickness of Tinted and Heat -Absorbing Glass: "Insulated", 1/4 inch tempered inside and outside with
<br />1/2 inch airspace.
<br />D. Thermal Movements: Provide glazing that allows for thermal movements resulting frorn a maximum change (range)
<br />of 120 deg F (67 deg C), in ambient and surface temperatures, respectively, acting oil glass framing niernbers and glaz-
<br />ing components. Base engineering calculation on surface temperatures of materials due to both solar heat gain and
<br />i
<br />nighttime -sky heat loss.
<br />E. Thermal and Optical Performance Properties: Provide glass with performance properties specified based on filanufac-
<br />turer's published test data, as determined according to procedures indicated below:
<br />I . For rrionollthic-glass lites, properties are based on units with lites 1/4 inch thick.
<br />2. Center -of -Glass U-Values: National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) 100 methodology using LBL-35298
<br />WINDOW 4.1 computer program, expressed as Btu/ sq. ft. x h x deg F (W/sq, in x K). Z).
<br />3. Center -of -Glass Solar Heat Gain Coefficient: NFRC 200 methodology using LBL-35298 WINDOW 4.1 corn-
<br />puter prograrn.
<br />4. Solar Optical Properties: NFRC 300.
<br />1.3 SUBMITTALS
<br />A. Product Data: For each glass product and glazing material indicated.
<br />B . Samples: 12-inch- (300--rilm-) square, for tinted glass product indicated upon request of architect.
<br />C, Glazing Schedule: Use sairie designations indicated oil Drawings.
<br />D. Sealant cornpatibility and adhesion test reports.
<br />1.4 QUALITY ASS URANCE
<br />A. Sealant Compatibility and Adhesion Testing: Use sealant rnanufacturer's standard test methods to determine whether
<br />Zn
<br />priming and other specificjoint preparation techniques are required to obtain rapid, optirnurn adhesion of joint sealants
<br />to joint substrates.
<br />PART 2 - PRODUCTS
<br />2.1 MANUFACTURERS
<br />A. In other articles including schedules where subparagraph titles below introduce lists, the following requirements apply
<br />for product selection:
<br />I . Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, products that may be incorporated into the Work
<br />include, but are not limited to, the products specified. I
<br />a. ASA Industries, Inc.
<br />b. Libby -Owens Ford -Glass Company
<br />C. Mississippi Glass Company
<br />d. Pittsburg Plate Glass Company
<br />2. Trade names herein denote grade, type and quality of material required.
<br />2.2 GLASS MATERIALS
<br />A. Annealed Float Glass: ASTM C 1036, Type I (transparent glass, flat), Quality q3 (glazing select); class as indicated
<br />�n
<br />in schedules at the end of Part 3.
<br />B. Heat -Treated Float Glass: ASTM C 1048; Type I (transparent glass, flat); Quality q3 (glazing select); class, kind, and
<br />condition as indicated in schedules at the end of Part 3
<br />I . Fabrication Process: At manufacturer's option.
<br />2.3 GLAZING SEALANTS
<br />A. General: Provide products of type indicated, complying with the following requirements:
<br />I . Compatibility: Select glazing sealants that are compatible with one another and with other materials they will
<br />contact, including glass products, seals Of 111sulating-glass units, and glazing channel substrates, under condi-
<br />tions of service and application, as demonstrated by sealant manufacturer based on testing and field experi-
<br />ence.
<br />2. Colors of Exposed Sealants: As indicated.
<br />B. Elastomeric Glazing Sealant Standard: Comply with ASTM C 920 and other requirements indicated for each liquid -
<br />applied, chemically curing sealant in the Glazing Sealant Schedule at the end of Part 3, including those referencing
<br />ASTM C 920 classifications for type, grade, class and uses.
<br />I . Additional Movement Capability: Where additional movement capability is specified in the Glazing Sealant
<br />Schedule, provide products with the capability, when tested for adhesion and cohesion under maximum cyclic
<br />movement per ASTM C 719, to withstand the specified percentage change in thejoint width existing at time of
<br />.
<br />i i i
<br />installation and remain in compliance with other requirements in ASNIT C 920 for uses indicated.
<br />C. Cylindrical Backing: ASTM C 1330, Type 0 (open -cell material), of size and density to control glazing sealant depth
<br />and otherwise produce optimum glazing sealant performance.
<br />2.4 GLAZING TAPES
<br />A. Back -Bedding Mastic Glazing Tape: Preformed, butyl -based elastorneric tape with a solids content of 100 percent
<br />with or without spacer rod as recommended in writing by tape and glass manufacturers for application indicated and
<br />complying with ASTM C 1281 and AAMA 800 for products indicated below:
<br />I . AAMA 804.3 tape, where indicated.
<br />2. AAMA 806.3 tape, for glazing applications in which tape is subject to continuous pressure.
<br />3. AAMA 807.3 tape, for glazing applications in which tape is not subject to continuous pressure.
<br />ded Cellular Glazing Tape: Closed -cell, PVC foam tape; factory coated with adhesive on both surfaces; pack-
<br />aged on rolls with release liner protecting adhesive; and complying with AAMA 800 for the following types:
<br />1. Type 1, for glazing applications in which tape acts as the primary sealant.
<br />2. Type 2, for glazing applications in which tape is used in combination with a full bead of liquid sealant.
<br />2.5 GLAZING GASKETS
<br />A. Compression Gaskets: Molded or extruded gaskets of type and material indicated below and of profile and hardness
<br />required to maintain watertight seal:
<br />1. Neoprene or EPDM dense compression gaskets complying with ASTM C 846.
<br />2. Silicone dense compression gaskets complying with ASTM C 11 15.
<br />3. Neoprene, EPDM or Silicone soft compression gaskets complying with ASTM C 509, Type 11, black.
<br />2. 6 MISCELLANEOUS GLAZING MATERIALS
<br />A, General: Provide products of material, size. and shape complying with referenced glazing standard, requirements of
<br />manufacturers of glass and other glazing materials for application indicated, and with a proven record of compatibility
<br />with surfaces contacted in installation.
<br />B. Cleaners, Primers, and Sealers: Types recommended by sealant or gasket manufacturer.
<br />C. Setting Blocks: Elastomeric material with a Shore A durometer hardness of 85, plus or millus 5.
<br />D. Spacers: Elastorneric blocks or continuous extrusions with a Shore A durometer hardness required by glass manufac-
<br />turer to maintain glass lites in place for installation indicated.
<br />E. Edge Blocks: Elastomeric material of hardness needed to limit glass lateral movement (side walking).
<br />E Cylindrical Glazing Sealant Backing: ASTM C 1330, Type 0 (open -cell material), of size and density to control glaz-
<br />ing sealant depth and otherwise produce optimum glazing sealant perforrilance.
<br />G. Perimeter Insulation for Fire -Resistive Glazing: Identical to product used in test assembly to obtain fire -resistance
<br />rating.
<br />2.7 FABRICATION OF GLASS AND OTHER GLAZING PRODUCTS
<br />A. Fabricate glass and other glazing products in sizes required to glaze openings indicated for Project, with edge and face
<br />clearances, edge and surface conditions, and bite complying with written instructions of product manufacturer and
<br />referenced glazing standard, to comply with system performance requirements.
<br />PART 3 - EXECUTION
<br />3.1 GLAZING, GENERAL
<br />A. Comply with combined written instructions of manufacturers of glass, sealants, gaskets, and other glazing materials,
<br />unless more stringent requirements are indicated, including those in referenced glazing publications.
<br />1. Clean glazing channlels and other1framing members receiving glass immediately before glazing. Remove coat-
<br />ings not firmly bonded to substrates.
<br />2. Protect glass edges from damage during handling and installation. Remove glass with edge damage or other
<br />. mperfections that, when installed, could weaken glass and impair performance and appearance from Project
<br />I
<br />site and legally dispose of off Project site.
<br />J
<br />3. Apply primers to joint surfaces where required for adhesion of sealants, as determined by sealant compatibility
<br />and adhesion testing.
<br />4. Do not exceed edge pressures stipulated by glass manufacturers for installing glass lites.
<br />5. Provide spacers for glass lites where the length plus width is larger than 50 inches (1270 mm) unless gaskets
<br />and glazing tapes are used that have demonstrated ability to maintain required face clearances.
<br />B. Protection:
<br />I . Protect exterior glass from damage immediately after installation by attaching crossed streamers to framing
<br />held away from glass. Do not apply markers to glass surface.
<br />2. Protect glass from contact with contarninating substances resulting from construction operations, including
<br />weld splatter.
<br />C. Remove and replace glass that is broken, chipped, cracked, abraded, or damaged, including natural causes, accidents,
<br />.
<br />and vandalism, during construction period.
<br />D. At completion this contractor shall wash and polish all glazing and clean adjacent surfaces soiled by his work.
<br />END OF SECTION 08800
<br />SECTION 09220 - PORTLAND CEMENT PLASTER
<br />PART I -
<br />1.1 SUMMARY
<br />A. This Section includes the following:
<br />I . Portland Cement Plaster Finishes: Stucco.
<br />2. Non -load -bearing steel framing and furring.
<br />3. Metal lath and metal accessories.
<br />B. See Division 5 Section "Cold -Formed Metal Framing" for load -bearing steel framing.
<br />1.2 SUBMITTALS
<br />A. Product Data: For each product indicated.
<br />B. Samples: For each exposed finish and for each texture required upon request of the Architect.
<br />1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
<br />. . . I
<br />A. Fire -Test -Response Characteristics: Where indicated, provide assemblies identical to those tested for fire resistance
<br />per ASTM h 11 9 by a testing and inspecting agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.
<br />1.4 PROJECT CONDITIONS;
<br />A. Environmental Requirements, General: Comply with requirements of referenced plaster application standards and
<br />recommendations of plaster manufacturer for environmental conditions before, during, and after plaster application.
<br />.
<br />PART 2 - PRODUCTS
<br />2.1 1 NON -LOAD -BEARING STEEL FRAMING
<br />A. Steel Sheet Components, General: Metal complying with ASTM C 645 requirements.
<br />L Protective Coating:
<br />a. Interior Applications: ASTM A 653/A 653M, G60, hot -dip galvanized zinc coating.
<br />b. Exterior Applications: ASTM A 653/A 653M, G60, hot -dip galvanized zinc coating.
<br />pended Ceiling and Soffit Framing: Size metal ceiling supports to comply with ASTM C 1063, unless otherwise
<br />indicated.
<br />1. Hanger Attachments to Concrete: Anchors fabricated from corrosion -resistant materials with holes or loops
<br />for attaching hanger wires and capable of sustaining, without failure, a load equal to 5 tirnes that imposed by
<br />.
<br />construction as determined by testing according to ASTM E 488 by a qualified independent testing agency.
<br />C�
<br />a. Type: Postinstalled, expansion anchor.
<br />2. Wire for Hangers and Ties: ASTM A 64 I/A 641M, Class I zinc coating, soft temper.
<br />3. Carrying Channels: Cold -rolled, corn mercial- steel sheet with a base metal thickness of 0.0538 inch, a mini-
<br />inurn 1/2-inch-wide flange, and in depth indicated.
<br />4. Furring Channels (Furring Members):
<br />a. Cold -Rolled Channels: 0.0538-inch bare steel thickness, with rnin'murn 1/"
<br />deep. I I I I .--inch-wide flange, 3/4 inch
<br />C. Partition Lind Soffit Framing:
<br />I . Steel Studs and Runners: ASTM C 645, in depth indicated,
<br />?.
<br />- Cold -Rolled Channels: 0.0538-inch bare steel thickness, with minimurn 1/2-inch wide flange, and in depth
<br />indicated.
<br />3. Hat -Shaped, Rigid Furring Charmels: ASTM C 645, in depth indicated.
<br />L_
<br />I? I') LATH
<br />-
<br />A. Expanded- Metal Lath: ASTM C 847. ,
<br />I � Material: Zinc -coated (galvanized) steel sheet, structural quality, with coating complying with ASTM A 653/
<br />In
<br />A 653 M, G60 (Z 1 80) coating designation.
<br />1). Diarriond-Mesh Lath: Self -furring.
<br />a. Weight: 21.5 lb/sq. yd..
<br />B. Paper Backing: Factory bonded to back of lath, complying with FS LJU-B-790, Type 1.
<br />I . Vapor -Permeable Paper: Grade D, Style 2.
<br />2.3 ACCESSORIES
<br />A. General: ASTM C 1063. Coordinate depth of accessories with thicknesses and number of plaster coats required.
<br />B. Metal Corner Reinforcement: Expanded, large -mesh, diamond -metal lath fabricated from zinc -alloy or welded -wire
<br />rnesh fabricated from 0.0475-inch diameter, zinc -coated (galvanized) wire and specially fornied to reinforce external
<br />corners of portland cement plaster oil exterior exposures while allowing full plaster encasement.
<br />I . Zinc Alloy: Minimum 0.0207 inch thick.
<br />2. Aluminum: Minimum 0.050 inch thick.
<br />C. Comerbeads: Small nose comerbeads with expanded flanges of large -mesh diamond -metal lath allowing full plaster
<br />encasement.
<br />1 . Material: Zinc alloy or aluminum.
<br />D. Casing Beads: Square -edged style, with expanded flanges.
<br />I . Material: Zinc alloy or aluminum.
<br />E. Curved Casing Beads: Square -edged style, fabricated from aluminum coated with clear plastic, preformed into curve
<br />of radius indicated.
<br />F. Control Joints: Prefabricated with removable protective tape on plaster face of control joints.
<br />I . Material: Zinc alloy or aluminum.
<br />2. Type: 2-piece, casing beads with back flanges formed to produce slip -joint action, adjustable for 'oint widths
<br />j
<br />frorn 1/8 to 518 inch.
<br />G. Corner Reinforcement: Special Stucco type woven wire corner reinforcing strips.
<br />H. Lath Attachment Devices: Material and type required by ASTM C 1063 for installations indicated.
<br />2.4 PLASTER MATERIALS
<br />A. Base -Coat Cements: Portland cement, ASTM C 150, Type 1.
<br />B. Job -Mixed Finish -Coat Cement: Portland cement, ASTM C 150, Type 1.
<br />C. Stucco Finish Coat: Manufacturer's standard factory -packaged stucco, including portland cement, aggregate, and
<br />other proprietary ingredients.
<br />I . Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering products that may
<br />be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:
<br />2. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the following:
<br />a. Florida Stucco Corp.
<br />b. Highland Stucco.
<br />C. IPA Systems, Inc. I
<br />d. United States Gypsum Co.
<br />D. Lime: Special hydrated lime for finishing purposes, ASTM C 206, Type S; or special hydrated lime for masonry pur-
<br />poses, ASTM C 207, Type S.
<br />E. Sand Aggregate for Base Coats: ASTM C 897.
<br />F. Aggregate for Finish Coats: ASTM C 897 system, manufactured or natural sand, white.
<br />2.5 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
<br />A. Water for Mixing and Finishing Plaster: Potable.
<br />B. Bondin-Agent.: ASTMC932.
<br />Zn
<br />C. Acid -Etching Solution: Muriatic acid (10 percent solution of commercial hydrochloric acid) mixed I part to not less
<br />than 6 nor more than I 0 parts water.
<br />D. Dash -Coat Material: 2 parts portland cement to 3 parts fine sand, mixed with water to a mushy -paste consistency.
<br />E. Steel Drill Screws:
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