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<br />gradient, load intensity and erosion characteristics of slope <br />materi al. <br /> <br />1805.4 Footings. Footings shall be designed and constructed in <br />i!.ccordance with Sections 1805.4.1 through 1805.4.6. <br /> <br />1805.4.1 Design. Footings shall be so designed that the <br />allowable bearing capacity of the soil is not exceeded. and <br />that differential settlement is minimized. The minimum <br />width of footings shall be 12 inches (305 mm). <br /> <br />Footings in areas with expansive soils shall be designed <br />In accordance with the provisions of Section 1805.8. <br /> <br />1805.4.1.1 Design loads. Footings shall be designed for <br />the most unfavorable effects due to the combinations of <br />loads speci fied in Section 1605.3. The dead load shall in- <br />clude the weight of foundations, footings and overlying <br />fill. Reduced live loads, as specified in Section 1607.9, <br />are permitted to be used in designing footings. <br /> <br />1805.4.1.2 Vibratory loads. Where machinery opera- <br />tions or other vibrations are transmitted through the <br />foundation, consideration shall be given in the footing <br />design to prevent detrimental disturbances of the soil. <br /> <br />1805.4.2 Concrete footings. The design. materials and con- <br />struction of concrete footings shall comply with Sections <br />1805.4.2.1 through 1805.4.2.6 and the provisions of Chap- <br />ter 19. <br /> <br />Exception: Where a specific design is not provided, con- <br />crete footings supporting walls of light-frame construc- <br />tion are permitted to be designed in accordance with <br />Table 1805.4.2. <br /> <br />1805.4.2.1 Concrete strength. Concrete in footings <br />shall have a specified compressive strength if' c) of not <br />less than 2,500 pounds per square inch (psi) (17237 kPa) <br />at 28 days. <br /> <br />1805.4.2.2 Reserved. <br /> <br />SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS <br /> <br />1805.4.2.3 Plain concrete footings. The edge thickness <br />of plain concrete footings supporting walls of other than <br />light-frame construction shall not be less than 8 Inches <br />(203 mm) where placed on soil. <br /> <br />Exception: For plain concrete footings supporting <br />Group R-3 occupancies. the edge thickness is permit- <br />ted to be 6 inches (152 mm), provided that the footing <br />does not extend beyond a distance greater than the <br />thickness of the footing on either side of the supported <br />wall, <br /> <br />1805.4.2.4 Placement of concrete. Concrete footings <br />shall not be placed through water unless a tremie or other <br />method approved by the building official is used. Where <br />placed under or in the presence of water, the concrete <br />shall be deposited by approved means to ensure mini- <br />mum segregation of the mix and negligible turbulence 01 <br />the water. <br /> <br />1805.4.2.5 Protection of concrete. Concrete footl ngs <br />shall be protected from freezing during depositing and for <br />a period of not less than five days thereafter. Water shall <br />not be allowed to flow through the deposited concrete <br /> <br />1805.4.2.6 Forming of concrete. Concrete footings are <br />perrriittedto be cast against the earth where, in the opin- <br />ion of the building official, soil conditions do not require <br />forming, Where forming is required, it shall be in accor- <br />dance with Chapter 6 ofACI 318. <br /> <br />1805.4.3 Masonry-unit footings. The design, materials <br />and construction of masonry-unit footings shall compl\ <br />with Sections 1805.4.3.1 and 1805.4.3.2, and the prOVISion, <br />of Chapter 21. <br /> <br />Exception: Where a specific design is not provided, ma- <br />sonry-unit footings supporting walls of light-frame con- <br />struction are permitted to be designed in accordance wi I h <br />Table 1805.4.2. <br /> <br />1805.4.3.1 Dimensions. Masonry-unit footings shall be <br />.laid in Type M or S mortar complying with SeclIoll <br /> <br />II <br /> <br />TABLE 1805.4,2 <br />FOOTINGS SUPPORTING WALLS OF LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION-' b. c, d <br /> <br />: <br />II ~ <br />~ <br />I <br />f--- <br /> <br /> WIDTH OF THICKNESS OF <br />NUMBER OF FLOORS FOOTING FOOTING <br />SUPPORTED BY THE FOOTING' (Inoh'l) (Inchel) <br />I 12 6 , <br />2 15 6 <br />3 18 8f <br /> <br />For 51 I Inch = 25.4 mm, I fOOl = 304.8 mm. <br />d Deplh of foollngs shall be in accordance with Section 1805.2. <br />b The ground under the floor is permitted to be excavated to the elevation of the top of the footing. <br />c Interior-stud-bearing walls are permitted to be supported by isolated footings. The footing width and length shall be Iwice the widlh shown In thiS lable. "nd IOUI <br />Ings shall be spaced not more than 6 feel on center. <br />II d. For thickness of foundation walls, see Section 1805.5. <br />e Footings are permitted to support a roof in addition to the stipulated numberoft1oors. Footings supporting roof only shall be as required for supponlng one Iluor <br />I Plain concrete foolings for Group R-3 occupancies are permitted to be 6 incITes thick. <br /> <br />FLORIDA BUILDING CODE - BUILDING <br /> <br />18.5 <br />